07. 준동사 기타

※ 네모 안에서 둘 중 어법상 올바른 것을 고르시오.

1. Richard was not [old enough/enough old] to work, and so he had a really hard time.

old enough : 형용사나 부사를 꾸며주는 enough는 뒤에서 수식

2. One afternoon a big wolf waited in a dark forest for a little girl [to come/come] along [carried/carrying] a basket of food to her grandmother.

to come, carrying : wait for 사람 to R: -가 -하기를 기다리다 / 의미상의 주어가 girl이고 목적어(a basket)가 있으므로 능동의미의 현재분사가 적절

3. They loudly blamed the king for not [keep/keeping] the roads clear.

keeping : blame A for B: B에 대하여 A를 비난하다

4. He says, “Avoid [touching/to touch] the animal even when you are sure it is safe to do so.

touching : avoid는 동명사만을 목적어로 취하는 동사이므로 touching이 적절

5. As I was driving home from work one day, I stopped [watching/to watch] a local Little League baseball game that was being played in a park near my home.

to watch : stop to R: -하기 위해서 멈추다 / stop R-ing: -하던 것을 멈추다

6. Kenneth was in junior high school and was excited and eager about [participate/participating] in a day of Special Sports events.

participating : be eager about: -에 대하여 열망하다

7. Just at the finish line, when he again would have won, he stopped [to run/running], then stepped off the track.

running : stop to R: -하기 위해서 멈추다 / stop R-ing: -하던 것을 멈추다

8. And not [getting/get] enough to eat for a long time can slow a kid’s growth and brain development.

getting : 정동사(can slow)가 있으므로 주어가 될 수 있는 getting 필요

9. Usually I just checked the results of the games because I thought there was no use [watching/to watch] the 90-minute games that might end up in a 0-0 draw.

watching : There is no -ing: -은 불가능하다

10. Sam and I looked at each other. We both remembered the night we came to Uncle Smith's home. We remembered [seeing/to see] a man walking through the yard while carrying a big teddy bear.

seeing : remember + R-ing: -한 기억이 나다 / remember + to R: -할 것을 기억하다

11. They promote pride and raise the self-respect of students who cannot afford [to wear/wearing] stylish clothing.

to wear : afford to R -할 여유가 있다

12. After hearing me [talk/to talk] about my job, my young son looked forward with pleasure to [spend/spending] the day with me at the office. Although usually shy, he seemed eager to meet each co-worker I introduced. On the way home, however, he appeared [disappointed/disappointing].

talk, spending, disappointed : hear 목적어 동사원형 (지각동사의 목적보어로 동사원형이 적절) / look forward to -ing (-하기를 기대하다) / 사람이 주어인 경우 감정동사는 과거분사로 표현

13. He remembered [watching/to watch] Jim play on a pro baseball team in 1911.

watching : remember+R-ing (-가 -한 것이 기억난다)

14. It is the young and the middle-aged who do most work and pay most taxes. In other words, it is they who keep the country [going/from going], for it is the revenue from taxes that pays for public services and states benefits.

going : keep -ing: 계속해서 -하다 / keep from -ing: -가 -하지 못하게 하다

15. I insisted that they keep the money, but he said they'd never cash the check. “Besides, Mom,” my son added, “you forgot [singing/to sign] it.”

to sign : forget + to R -할 것을 잊다(미래) / forget + R-ing -한 것을 잊다(과거)

16. Avoid, if you can, [go/going] outside on a day when the pollen count is high such as a dry, windy day.

going : avoid는 동명사를 목적어로 취하는 동사이므로 going이 적절

17. These range from washing your hands to [bring/bringing] along your own pillow.

bringing : from - to - -에서 -에 이르기 까지(전치사의 목적어로서 동명사가 적절)

18. Each ball must be thrown [enough high/high enough] to allow the juggler time to handle the other balls.

high enough : enough+형용사 to R (-할 만큼 충분히 -하다)

19. When it comes to [teach/teaching] kids about money, we has a problem.

teaching : when it comes to -ing: - (의 이야기·문제)라 하면

20. A friend of mine admits he's not computer literate, so [attendance/attending] a one-day, new-software training session was not something he looked forward to.

attending : attendance 전치사 명사 / attending+명사 (명사가 명사를 받을 때는 전치사가 필요하고 동명사는 바로 명사를 받을 수 있음)

21. What makes a person really attractive? I remember [to see/seeing] Omar Sharif in Doctor Zhivago and Lawrence of Arabia.

seeing : remember + to 부정사 -할 것을 기억하다 / remember R-ing -했던 것을 기억하다

22. In addition to [represent/representing] your organization, you are also presenting yourself.

representing : in addition to -ing -할 뿐만 아니라

23. Human memory may, in fact, be [too complex to be explained/so complex that it can be explained] through any one simile.

too complex to be explained : too 형용사 to R (너무 -해서 -할 수 없다) / so 형용사 that (너무 해서 -하다)

24. A choice of works from the mainstream repertory is unlikely to [surprise/surprising] people.

surprise : be unlikely to R -할 것 같지 않다

25. I am not against children in apartment buildings, just against so many of them [live/living] in one small space.

living : live를 쓸 경우 am 정동사가 있으므로 접속사 없이 정동사를 두 개 쓸 수 없으므로 현재분사 living이 적절

26. By contrast, waking early and going for a brisk walk will most likely make your whole day more positive and productive, in addition to [be/being] great for your health.

being : in addition to R-ing (-할 뿐만 아니라)

27. [So/Too] vast is the library at the University of Maryland in College Park that I have been in there for hours without seeing another person.

So : so - that S+V / too - to R

28. Scientists go beyond simply [discovery/discovering] facts.

discovering : 앞에 beyond 전치사의 목적어 역할을 하면서 다음에 나오는 facts(명사)를 받을 수 있는 것은 동명사 discovering이 적절 / discovery를 쓸려면 전치사가 필요

29. When the article arrived, the editor read the first sentence and then refused [to publish/publishing] it.

to publish : refuse는 to부정사만을 목적어로 취하는 동사임

30. It takes at least 24 hours for mental alertness [to return/returning] to normal after a long flight across time zones.

to return : It takes 명사 시간 to R = It takes 시간 for 명사 to R (-가 -하는데 시간이 얼마 걸리다)

31. Often a driver was busy [to change/changing] a tire.

changing : be busy -ing (-하느라 바쁘다)

32. When [forced/forcing] to choose, about half say they are low class and about half say they are middle class.

forced : be forced to R (-하지 않을 수 없다)

33. In a national poll, 62 percent of Americans surveyed admitted being [so/too] busy to sit down for a meal.

too : so - that S+V / too - to R

07. 준동사