17강 장문 독해 (1)

17강 장문 독해(1)

1~3 다음 글을 읽고 물음에 답하시오.

(A)

For many years praise was viewed as a tool to make children feel good about themselves and to motivate learning and good behavior.  More recent research, however, indicates that there is a poor correlation between use of praise and success in learning.  Praise is often used by teachers not as a way to express genuine pleasure about a child's actions, but rather as a means to manipulate future behavior.

(B)

Considered as goodies, praise is like the large pink icing rose in the center of a cake. It is appealing and at first bite its sweetness tastes wonderful. A couple more bites still might taste good, but it quickly becomes overly sweet.  It has only one simple flavor; we soon tire of it and if we eat very much at any one time, we might even feel slightly ill.  It may provide some quick energy but it provides no nourishment and doesn't support growth or health.

(C)

Although praise may encourage these children to continue an activity while an adult is watching, it has been suggested by recent work, they are less likely to continue the activity when the adult leaves or to repeat the activity in the future.  Rather than increasing children's commitment to positive behavior, praise encourages children to find ways to get future verbal "goodies" from important adults.

(D)

However, if your goal is to help children build self-direction and inner control, far from manipulating them, then praise is not an effective practice. Praising teaches children to act to receive approval from adults, not because they feel an action is correct or worthy. In some cases, children become so dependent on external evaluation from adults that they can't determine what they like or value.  We have known children who ask for adult approval constantly: “Do you like my picture?” "_____________________" These children were "praise junkies," dependent on praise as the only way to feel good about themselves.

1. 주어진 글 (A)에 이어질 내용을 순서에 맞게 배열한 것으로 가장 적절한 것은?

① (B)-(D)-(C)

② (C)-(B)-(D)

③ (C)-(D)-(B)

④ (D)-(B)-(C)

⑤ (D)-(C)-(B)

2. 위 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은?

① The Magical Power of Praise

② The Secret of a Teacher's Charisma

③ Applauding Praise? Consider the Danger!

④ How to Raise Your Kids: Praise vs. Punishment

⑤ Motivate Your Children with as Many Questions as Possible

3. 빈칸에 들어갈 질문으로 가장 적절한 것은?

① Can I have a candy?

② Am I climbing well?

③ May I go to bathroom?

④ What does this word mean?

⑤ What animal do you like most?

4~6 다음 글을 읽고, 물음에 답하시오.

(A)

Harold was a very active man who enjoyed skiing, hiking, and remodeling projects around his house. When he came to see me, he had been living with back pain for several years. Despite the pain, he lived his life fully. But the pain was getting worse. He saw several doctors, many of whom recommended surgery. He did a great deal of research, exploring many other options, before he decided on surgery.

(B)

But, Harold told me, he actually felt relieved when his doctor removed hope. In the absence of hope, he was able to mourn his loss and face his future. His great insight? He realized he didn't have to wonder how he could endure his physical restriction. He already knew how. He had been living with it for eighteen months. And now that he had stopped fighting, he could get the supports he needed to make his life easier. He told me that he learned that having hope could be good news or bad news.

(C)

Trying to resume his usual physical activities, Harold fell several times. He got frustrated. Every time he went to the doctor, he was told, “"There is still a chance.”" But meanwhile, Harold was getting more depressed. Finally, the doctor said to him, “"If you haven't recovered your function by now, you probably won't.”" All hope removed, Harold felt the despair that had always been inside him. And that was his “How am I going to live with this? moment.

(D)

Almost immediately after the surgery, he saw that his pain was greatly diminished, but he had lost mobility in one leg. His surgeon said it was caused by swelling around the spine, and as the swelling diminished, Harold would probably regain function of that leg. So Harold was advised to get a brace for his leg, to walk with a cane, and to cut back on some activity. But he did none of those things because he still had hope that his life would be just the way it had been before.

4. 주어진 글 (A)에 이어질 내용을 순서에 맞게 배열한 것으로 가장 적절한 것은?

① (B)-(D)-(C)

② (C)-(B)-(D)

③ (C)-(D)-(B)

④ (D)-(B)-(C)

⑤ (D)-(C)-(B)

5. 위 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은?

① Never Let Go of Hope

② The Gift of Hopelessness

③ Dangers of Being Too Active

④ You've Got to Believe Your Doctor!

⑤ Importance of Keeping in Good Health

6. 위 글의 Harold에 관한 내용과 일치 하는 것은?

① 여러 의사를 만났지만 한 명만이 수술을 권했다

② 희망을 잃게 된 후18개월간 방황했다

③ 재활 치료를 통해 다리의 건강을 되찾았다

④ 수술을 받은 후 통증이 크게 줄어들었다

⑤ 의사의 충고를 따라 수술 후 지팡이를 사용했다

7~9 다음 글을 읽고, 물음에 답하시오.

(A)

There once was a boy who loved stories. One day The Boy tried to write a story, but it wasn't as good as the stories he read so he tried again and again. After a while he realized he wasn't getting anywhere so he sent his story to ten of his favorite authors so they could offer advice. In the coming weeks he received nine form letters apologizing about how busy the authors were and one very helpful letter from Gabriel Winters, (a) his favorite young author. It made the story better without affecting the core plot.

(B)

As he walked through the hospital doors, he found Gabe's room and the bed's occupant was a small frail man. The Boy thought, “He is going to be okay, no one who has a month to live can seem so happy.”The thought only lasted a millisecond, but it put (b) his mind at ease. The Boy stayed until a little after the funeral. When he arrived home, he wrote a book about Gabe. It received good reviews and finally let The Boy move on. One day The Boy received a letter. It was from a little girl who wanted (c) his advice on her story. The Boy smiled and began to write.

(C)

The Boy kept sending stories and Gabe kept helping until the letters became more like two friends getting each other's comments on a work than a famous author helping out a little kid. As the years dragged on, he went to a college with a good writing program and wrote stories for the school paper, but always wrote to Gabe. After graduation, (d) he got married young, became a well-known author himself and always wrote to Gabe.

(D)

One morning The Boy was eating his breakfast in his new house when the phone rang. The voice on the phone said, “Hello, is this 334-5672?”“Yes, this is,”said The Boy. “Gabriel Winters told me to tell you about his leukemia,”stated the voice. “Where is (e) he staying? I need to get there right away.”The Boy got the first ticket to Rochester he could find. He didn't care about the baby crying, he didn't care about the person kicking his seat, he cared about Gabe and to The Boy that was all that mattered.

7. 주어진 글 (A)에 이어질 내용을 순서에 맞게 배열한 것으로 가장 적절한 것은?

① (B)-(C)-(D)

② (B)-(D)-(C)

③ (C)-(B)-(D)

④ (C)-(D)-(B)

⑤ (D)-(B)-(C)

8. 밑줄 친 (a)~(e) 중에서 가리키는 대상이 나머지 넷과 다른 것은?

① (a)        ② (b)        ③ (c)        ④ (d)        ⑤ (e)

9. The Boy에 관한 내용과 일치하는 것은?

① 아홉 명의 저자 중에서 한 통의 답신을 받았다

② Gabriel을 위해 평이 그저 그런 책을 썼다

③ 대학교 졸업 후에 유명 작가가 되었다

④ 새로 이사간 집에서 Gabriel로부터 직접 전화를 받았다

⑤ 몸이 아파서 휴양을 위해 Rochester에서 살았다

10~12 다음 글을 읽고, 물음에 답하시오.

(A)

The textile industry routinely deals with dangerous chemicals. Most dye colors contain toxic elements. In fact, the trimmings, or excess cloth, from Rohner Textil's factory contained so many questionable chemicals that the Swiss government classified them as dangerous waste. Furthermore, the trimmings couldn't be burned or buried in Switzerland to comply with government regulations, but they had to be exported ─ shipped to a country with looser regulations, such as Spain.

(B)

McDonough's new process wasn't just safer, but it was also cheaper. Manufacturing costs shrank twenty percent. The savings came, in part, from the reduced complexity and expense of dealing with toxic chemicals. Workers no longer had to wear protective clothing. And the scraps ─ instead of being shipped to Spain for burial ─ were converted to felt, which was sold to Swiss farmers and gardeners for crop insulation. McDonough proved that there can be a _______________ between business goals and environmental goals

(C)

When the production process went on line, inspectors from the Swiss government came to check the water flowing out of the plant to make sure chemical emissions were within legal limits. "At first, the inspectors thought their equipment had broken,”said McDonough. The instruments were detecting nothing in the water. Then the inspectors tested the water flowing into the factory, which was Swiss drinking water, and found that the equipment was fine. McDonough said, “The fabrics during the production process were further filtering the water.”

(D)

To address this problem, Bill McDonough and Michael Braungart studied 8,000 chemicals commonly used in the textile industry. They measured each chemical against a set of safety criteria. Of the chemicals they tested, 7,962 failed. They were left with thirty-eight chemicals ─ but those were “safe enough to eat”according to McDonough. Amazingly, using just those thirty-eight chemicals, they were able to create a complete line of fabrics containing every color but black. The fabric they chose was made from natural materials ─ wool and a plant fiber called ramie.

10. 주어진 글(A)에 이어질 내용을 순서에 맞게 배열한 것으로 가장 적절한 것은?

① (B)-(C)-(D)

② (C)-(B)-(D)

③ (C)-(D)-(B)

④ (D)-(B)-(C)

⑤ (D)-(C)-(B)

11. 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?

① choice

② border

③ tension

④ distinction

⑤ consistency

12. 위 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은?

① Going Green Can Pay

② Make Your Workplace Safe

③ How to Pass Water Quality Inspection

④ Reducing the Risks of Toxic Exposure

⑤ Heavy Fine for Dumping Industrial Waste