take 9

grammar

1.

A : I heard you made a business trip to New York.

B : Yes, the company _________ a branch there next year.

□ considers to open

□ is considering opening

□ is considering to open

□ was considered opening

2.

A : I heard your son had a serious accident last night.

B : I wish it _________ to me instead!

□ happened

□ had happened

□ would happen

□ was happening

3.

A : What do you think of Mary?

B : She has no sense of humor __________.

□ whichever

□ however

□ nevertheless

□ whatsoever

4.

To achieve results never before __________, we must employ innovative new methods.

□ accomplished

□ accomplishing

□ to be accomplished

□ having accomplished

5.

The book describes the condition of extinct animals ___________ the Encyclopaedia Britannica does.

□ precise as

□ more precise than

□ as precise as

□ more precisely than

6.

Much of downtown district, __________ houses many government offices, was evacuated.

□ what

□ who

□ whose

□ which

7.

□ A : I'm here to talk to Mr. Pells.

□ B : I'm afraid he went for the day.

□ A : Already? It's only 2 o'clock.

□ B : He wanted to take the afternoon off.

8.

□ A : I've got a good news.

□ B : I'm all ears! What is it?

□ A : I've landed a job.

□ B : I'm so happy for you.

9.

□ Ozone smog is created when carbon dioxide reacts with sunlight.

□ The result is smog-the air pollution that we can see and smell.

□ Too much ozone smog gives us headaches and makes difficult breathing.

□ One way to reduce ozone smog is to start using cleaner means of transportation.

10.

□ Video games have become an essential part of kid's life these days.

□ However, when it comes to the effects of video games on children, there is a double standard in the industry. □ Publishers often trumpet educational games that violent games can have bad influence on behavior and attitudes. (d) Yet they discount arguments that violent games can have bad influence on behavior and attitudes.

vocabulary

1.

A : Did I do something wrong?

B : No, I just got up on the __________ side of the bed this morning.

□ different

□ right

□ wrong

□ opposite

2.

A : I brought some __________ from our backyard.

B : Great! That'll be enough to start a fire.

□ logs

□ roots

□ fertilizer

□ twigs

3.

A : Would you stop __________ me, please?

B : Oh, I'm sorry. It's so cramped here I can't help it.

□ gushing

□ hissing

□ wiping

□ poking

4.

A : This copy machine keeps jamming.

B : Really? Let me __________ a look.

□ take

□ get

□ try

□ keep

5.

A : What's wrong? You don't look too good.

B : I still get ___________ every time I go sailing.

(a) fixated

(b) queasy

(c) lofty

(d) malignant

6.

He consulted his ___________, because he could not find the word he was looking for.

□ timetable

□ bible

□ thesaurus

□ atlas

7.

Scientists could find no logical ___________ for the phenomenon that occurred once every year in the night sky.

□ reason

□ thesis

□ detail

□ concern

8.

Apparently the president's ___________ outraged the people, since he promised during the elections that he would pass the act by this month.

□ vandalism

□ procrastination

□ gregariousness

□ surmise

9.

This year, as talks of the construction of the dam became heated, the company in charge of the project had to undergo much ____________.

□ leverage

□ tyranny

□ scrutiny

□ insight

10.

After much thought, the company decided that in such an economic crisis downsizing would be ___________.

□ nonsense

□ needless

□ deadly

□ necessary

reading comprehension

1.

Dear Editor :

Recently your magazine defended the sale of hardcore pornographic material by saying, "If adults want to view it, it should be legal." However, almost everyone in America, I believe, views such material as beyond the law and, therefore, illegal. The issue is not if we should draw a line, but where we draw the line and how we do it in a non-arbitrary way and protect the integrity of the First Amendment. That's why community standards are so important and many people are ___________. Their views, like mine, should be taken seriously as a legitimate part of the legal process.

Regrettably,

A Disagreeing Reader

□ publicly speaking out against pornography

□ not happy about a ban on pornography

□ fervently arguing for freedom of press

□ supporting and patronizing your magazine

2.

Automakers have been experimenting with alternative fuel sources for years: compressed natural gas, propane, even totally electric cars are in use today. A recent addition is the hybrid electric vehicle (HEV)__part

electric motor, part gasoline engine. Virtually indistinguishable from your standard car, an HEV predicts ___________ in engine efficiency. By utilizing clean, electric energy, less gasoline power is consumed. The results are better gas mileage and far fewer tailpipe emissions. The two HEV cars currently on the market are leading the table in terms of mileage.

□ a high maintenance

□ a financial burden

□ an impractical invention

□ a technological breakthrough

3.

Cancer is a wily disease to fight. It arises from mutations in normal cells, which can take decades to grow into a tumor large enough to be diagnosed. Cancer cells are also among the most adaptable cells in nature. They can live forever in test tubes and, in people, they often continue growing after the most destructive treatments. That's why ___________.

□ the government dissuades further research

□ it is so hard to cure cancer completely

□ treatments for cancer have been so successful

□ the risk of cancer increases with age

4.

Traveling with children can be an incredible adventure or an enormous headache. This book has a great range of tips to ___________. If your vacation includes visiting castles, for example, you can read the children stories that include a few castles and wizards, encouraging them to apply their imagination to the real thing. If your vacation involves long hours of driving, you can start at bedtime so children start their trip sleeping. Some of the information may sound obvious, but traveling parents need all the help they can get.

□ make your trip cost-effective

□ give some lessons to spoiled children

□ help make it the former

□ ease the trouble of educating children

5.

We are glad to inform you that The NewTech Software Company is now open and is located at 4500 Delaware Avenue. Our store offers a wide range of computer software packages for both personal and business application. Since we do not represent any individual computer hardware manufacturer, the products that we carry are compatible with many systems. Enclosed, for your review, is the complete list of the items we currently have available. ___________, you can contact us and preorder them at www.newtech.com before you make a trip to our store. We will do our best to meet your order promptly to your satisfaction.

□ Unless those items are marked down

□ If we do not carry the items you want

□ Though the copies of our brochure are limited in number

□ When you have any questions about your previous order

6.

It is said that we are what we eat. To the extent that this applies to individuals, it applies to entire cultures. If you understand the foods, their preparation, and the occasion for serving them, you'll understand much about the culture from which they have come out. When a family emigrates to another country, one of the last things to change ___________. The children of the immigrant parents will have to struggle to maintain the native language of their parents. Their children, in turn, may learn very little of the grandparents' language unless they study it formally. Dress, child care practices, ambitions in life may change in less than a generation. Nevertheless, generation after generation will enjoy the same foods, even if the recipes undergo some changes.

□ will be the foods of the old country

□ is the language of their fatherland

□ are the child care practices of their native country

□ will be the costume of their homeland

7.

A recent study cited the sound of a continually barking dog as the most disruptive and stress-inducing noise for humans. Why do dogs bark? Barking, in addition to whining, howling and growling, is a dog's natural means of communication. Being a natural trait, barking is not considered a behavioral problem, but when it is produced in excess, it poses a problem. The key to solving the problem is to determine what external stimulus is triggering it. In fact ___________. Improper confinement can be a major cause of problem barkers. Closely associated with improper confinement, lack of exercise can cause excess barking. Environmental sounds, such as the barking of other dogs and sound of passing cars, can also trigger barking.

□ certain breeds are prone to frequent barking

□ excessive barking cannot be cured

□ problem barking has a variety of origins

□ a dog may not bark at everyday sounds at all

8.

People find it hard to quit coffee. It's because caffeine in coffee is highly addictive.

Caffeine has a powerful effect on coronary arteries and the pulmonary and systemic vessels, causing a greater flow of blood to the heart muscle, but decreasing the flow of blood to the brain by constricting cerebral blood vessels. Caffeine, in brief, is a central nervous system stimulant, providing that familiar kick on which we have come to depend. But as with all stimulants, ___________. If you run the body on overdrive for an extended period of time by artificially stimulating the adernals, expect breakdown to occur. You might want to note that coffee has been linked to heart disease, pancreas and bladder cancer, and hypoglycemia.

□ caffeine can do some harm to your body

□ caffeine in coffee is soothing to some

□ the effect of caffeine can be immediate

□ caffeine tends to stay longer in our body

9.

Rome is more than a mere city: fabulously rich in art, culture and architecture, it seems to symbolize what is admirable about Western civilization. The history of Rome is indeed that of human and artistic endeavor without parallel. However, the history of Rome also tells us the other side of the coin, which is above all a story of cruelty, corruption, greed and moral degradation. Founded in fratricide, the city survives from century to century, sacked, looted, conquered, occupied. It is perhaps this piquant juxtaposition of ___________ that has fascinated people for generations.

□ scenic beauty and cultural heritage

□ high achievement and base depravity

□ historical facts and fictional stories

□ cruel despotism and fair democracy

10.

The European art from of ballet did not take immediate root in the United States owing to environmental hardships and the religious philosophies of the first setters. Early Puritan writings railed against profane and promiscuous dancing, particularly condemning mixed-gender activities. ____________, even the Puritans found ways to allow expressive movement if it was designed according to strict scriptural guidelines. Some religious sects valued dance as a central part of religious experience, though not in their general

lives.

□ Therefore

□ However

□ For instance

□ By extension

11.

Located on Japan's southwestern main island of Kyushu, Fukuoka Prefecture is the heart of the fourth largest economic region in Japan. It is enjoying dynamic growth on the back of exciting new industries and becoming a center for advanced scientific studies and pioneering technology. Robotics, biotechnology, multimedia and software development are just some of the fields in which Fukuoka is establishing its cutting-edge credentials for the 21st century. In addition, the prefectural government promotes venture businesses and greater cooperation between the public sector, private business and academic institutions. ____________, more and more companies are moving in, attracted by the desire to be part of Fukuoka's economic and business revolution and its strengths in information technology.

□ On the contrary

□ Nevertheless

□ Above all

□ As a result

12.

To a European or a South American, the overall impression created by American culture is that of a frantic, perpetual round of actions which leave practically no time for personal feeling and reflection. But, to an American, the reasonable and orderly tempo of French life conveys a sense of hopeless backwardness and ineffectuality; and the leisurely timelessness of Spanish activities represents an appalling waste of time and human potential. And to a Spanish speaker, the methodological essence of planned change in France may seem cold-blooded, just as much as his own proclivity toward spur-of-the-moment decisions may strike his French counterpart as recklessly irresponsible.

Q. What is the main idea of the passage?

□ How important it is to understand different cultures

□ How people of different cultures misunderstand each other

□ A variety of characteristics of different peoples

□ Cultural misunderstanding between Europeans and Americans

13.

The most striking change in film commerce since the mid-1960s has not been the introduction of individual national traditions but the leveling of national boundaries that has created a truly international market. The extent of international distribution, the extent of investments in foreign production, the number of international co-production, the number of international film festivals, and the number of directors working outside their native industries have become more significant than any particularly national statistics.

Q. How is the medium characterized in the passage?

□ Cultural-bound phenomenon

□ Unifying spirit

□ Borderless business

□ Revolutionary movement

14.

One way people misuse natural resources is by raising livestock for meat. Forests are cut down to make grazing land, and the topsoil is trampled by animals, leading to erosion. However, vegetarians claimed that it is possible to feed 20 vegetarians on the same amount of land that it takes to feed one meat eater. One acre of land can produce about 40,000 pounds of potatoes or 50,000 pounds of tomatoes. But if the same land produces grain to feed beef cattle, the final result is 250 pounds of beef. If they are right then, it seems that a diet including lots of fruits and vegetables is good not only for individuals but for the land as well.

Q. Which of the following suggestions best summarizes the passage?

□ A vegetarian way of eating is recommended for good health.

□ Raising livestock is the major cause of water pollution.

□ A vegetarian diet can make better use of the land.

□ We should plant more trees in the forests.

15.

Many scientists believe that our solar system came into being from death-the death of a star in a brief but enormous explosion. The shock wave from the explosion disturbed a cloud of gas and dust, compressing a portion of it. This compressed gas then became more and more compact, pulling into itself by its own gravity. The process of falling in towards its center heated the gas. Eventually the mass of gas and dust grew hot enough to support thermonuclear fusion reactions. At this point, the sun was born. It was surrounded by cold gas and dust. The radiation of the young sun soon blew away most of this outer material, but a small portion of it condensed to form the Earth and other planets.

Q. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?

□ The Death of a Star

□ The Development of Outer Space

□ The Explosion of the Young Sun

□ The Berth of Our Solar System

16.

Intimacy feeds on time. Specifically, there are two time-bound factors that foster intimacy. First is the duration of the relationship; the longer you know a person, the more likely you are to become intimate with him or her. Second is the frequency of informal meetings. For intimacy to grow, you need to see the other person often, and these meetings should occur outside the context of formal roles. Such roles, because they set strict rules for interactions, prevent the sort of relaxed self-revelation and mutual exploration that promote intimacy.

Q. Which of the following statements best summarizes the text?

□ The frequency of meeting depends on the intimacy.

□ It takes time to promote intimacy between persons.

□ Sometimes formal meetings help people develop intimacy.

□ Mutual exploration tends to happen during strict interactions.

17.

The New York Giants claimed home-field advantage throughout the playoffs and a first-round bye by defeating Jacksonville Saturday. Both teams were fueled by their defense in the first half, only allowing the other one goal. However, the action heated up in the fourth quarter in favor of the Giants. On the first drive of the fourth quarterback Kerry Collins hooked up with Ike Hilliard for a five-yard touchdown and a 14-10 Giants' lead. New York never trailed after the TD.

Q. Which would be the title of the passage?

□ Jacksonville Defeated Giants

□ The Giant Game Postponed

□ Home Sweet Home Advantage

□ New York's Five-Yard Touchdown

18.

To make pencil lead, graphite is mixed with fine clay, the sort that is used in the finest porcelain and bone china. The two ingredients are combined in different proportions to produce leads of different blackness and hardness. The most widely used type of pencil is the HB (hard and black). Softer and blacker pencils, B and BB, have more graphite, and harder ones, graded consecutively from H1 to H10, have progressively more clay.

Q. How many different grades of pencil lead are mentioned in the passage?

□ 5

□ 8

□ 10

□ 13

19.

The 1990s were a banner decade for book banning-or, more accurately, for attempts to ban books, and if this year is any predictor, the next 10 years won't be any better. The wildly popular "Harry Potter" series sparked myriad complaints; some parents maintain that the books, which follow the path of a young wizard as he learns to use his magic skills, advocate witchcraft. Numerous school districts have considered banning the series from classrooms, but only a few have made good on the threat. According to the American Library Association, more than 5,000 complaints were recorded at school and public libraries over the past 10 years.

Q. Which of the following is correct according to the passage?

□ Some parents do not want their children to read the "Harry Potter" series.

□ The "Harry Potter" series have not yet been banned.

□ Complaints advocating book banning are slowly decreasing.

□ Parents love the popular "Harry Potter" series as much as their kids.

20.

Another new virus has spread across the Internet and threatens to shut down not only personal computers but network servers as well. This new virus mainly attacks personal computers by sending e-mails with infected attachments. The virus is known to strike at a lot of vulnerabilities within the computer's operating system and has taken down entire sites. And the speed with which it spreads is beyond antivirus experts' ability to stop it. So it is warned that computer users should not open e-mails with unexpected attachments.

Q. Which is NOT correct according to the statement?

□ We should not send e-mails with attachments.

□ The new virus is harmful to personal computers.

□ The virus is so speedy that antivirus experts cannot stop it.

□ The virus comes through e-mails.

21.

Census figures tell us that America is growing older. In 1982, one American in five was over fifty-five: by the year 2020, one in three will be over fifty-five. Hight now, there are more Americans over sixty-five than teenagers and the pool of new workers between sixteen and twenty-four is shrinking rapidly. Shortage of new workers have already occurred in such vital fields as nursing and teaching. The growing number of older workers will fill all kinds of service positions - from security guards, limousine drivers and hotel clerks to media advisors, political lobbyists and insurance-claim adjusters.

Q. According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT true?

□ In America there are fewer young workers available than ever before.

□ America is growing old, but now there are more teenagers than senior citizens over 65.

□ It is hard to fill positions for new nurses and teachers in America.

□ We can find more and more senior citizens working in various fields.

22.

Palmistry attempts to reveal character and foretell the future by reading the lines and curves on the palm of the hand. The familiar form of palmistry is a Greek system, probably based on an older Indian tradition. After going in and out of fashion in Europe for several hundred years, palmistry underwent a revival in the 19th century. Although there is no scientific proof for the contention that the physical features observed by palmists have psychic or predictive meaning, the human hand does show evidence of the person's health, cleanliness, occupation, and nervous habits.

Q. According to the passage which of the following is correct about palmistry?

□ Its popularity grew in strength in the 1900s.

□ It tries to reveal a person's health by reading the palm.

□ The Greek style may have originated in India.

□ Some claims made in palmistry have been proved.

23.

Sally Lee, an elementary-school counselor in Keene, NH, and a mother of two, sees plenty of evidence in her job of the damaging effects of verbal abuse on small children. She also sees plenty of stressed-out parents. When witnessing this kind of abuse in public, Lee suggests that it is a mistake to confront or reprimand the parent, because that will usually make it harder on the child. Instead, if you feel you should step in, use "helpful distraction," says Lee. "Lend the mom a hand by picking up the cans her child knocked over and say, 'Oh gee, it really is hard to get through a supermarket with a kid.' Defuse the mom's anger by sympathizing with her about how difficult parenting can be and doing something concrete to bring to an end this particular bad situation."

Q. Which of the following is correct according to the passage?

□ Sometimes you should correct the yelling parents for the sake of the kids.

□ You should never sympathize with parents who yell at their kids.

□ If you confront the yelling parents, they will treat the kids nicely.

□ You'd better sympathize with the stressed-out mother, if you have to step in.

24.

About 50 current and former Los Angeles police officers have joined 41 others in a lawsuit alleging they were subjected to harassment and retaliation for reporting police misconduct. Attorney Bradley King, who announced the additions to the lawsuit, said misconduct occurred throughout the 9,300-officer department, not just in the scandal-ridden Rampart Division. A corruption case in that division has led to criminal charges against five officers accused of framing innocent people. The lawsuit seeks （100 million in collective damages, an injunction prohibiting police officials from mistreating officers who report inappropriate behavior and the reinstatement of about 300 officers who were wrongly fired.

Q. What can be inferred from the passage?

□ Some LA police officers filed a lawsuit against innocent people.

□ Corrupt police have been dealing with cases of sexual harassment.

□ LA police officers are accused of harassment and retaliation by innocent citizens.

□ Some LA police officers claim they were mistreated for reporting police misconduct.

25.

The terms totemism and taboo were brought together by Sigmund Freud in his book about the origin of religion "Totem and Taboo." Although related, the two words have quite distinct meanings. Totemism is a term of American Indian origin that refers to an animal or plant associated with a group of blood-related people such as a family or with part of a tribe. The plant or animal is a totem. As such, totemism is a word used to define relationships. On the other hand, a taboo implies something forbidden or to be avoided. The term is of Polynesian origin. It was recorded by explorer James Cook in 1771.

Q. Which of the following is correct about totemism?

□ It is a term of Polynesian origin.

□ It often suggests something prohibited.

□ It was first recorded by an explorer.

□ It refers to an association between animal and human.

26.

Game Works, a high-tech arcade, bar and restaurant, will restrict access to its mature-rated games to people over 16. The company - a joint venture of Universal Studios, Sega Enterprises and DreamWorks SKG - already offers restricted access of requested by a parent. The policy change announced Friday would automatically restrict access to particularly violent games unless a special pass is bought by a parent or particularly violent games unless a special pass is bought by a parent or guradian. GameWorks employees will now ask for identification before selling unlimited access cards to children, the company said, adding that fewer than 10 percent of the games in a typical location are considered to have mature content.

Q. What can be inferred about the Game Works from the passage?

□ It is an independent company from Universal Studios.

□ It has restricted access to more mature-rated games.

□ It will lift restricted access to its mature-rated games to people over 16.

□ It is the only company which restricts access to its mature-rated games.

27.

It has been over a century since English was English was made a part of compulsory education in Japan. The postwar English boom gave birth to countless numbers of English conversation schools and a wide variety of English-language publications. Still, if rankings in TOEFL scores are an accurate benchmark, Japanese English skills at the turn of the millenium are among the lowest in the world.

Q. How does the author evaluate the achievements of English education in Japan?

□ Desirable

□ Hopeful

□ Mandatory

□ Unsatisfactory

28.

What's the best toothpaste for children? □ Toothbrushing is one of the most important tasks for good oral health. □ Many toothpastes can damage young smiles. □ They contain harsh abrasives which can strip young tooth enamel. □ When looking for a toothpaste for your child make sure to pick one that is only mildly abrasive.

29.

Twins have fascinated both parents and scientists for centuries.

□ Families may question more issues surrounding the raising and subsequent closeness of twins. □ On the other hand, scholars may be more interested in studying twins to see what they can teach us about our society and genetics. □ Identical twins show more altruistic behavior towards each than fraternal twins, displaying a greater propensity for cooperating with each other. □ However, both groups share a similar interest - the desire to determine what cause the special bond between twins.

30.

Winston Churchill became Prime Minister in May 1940 at the age of 65.

□ His appointment was the unexpected climax to his patchy career up to that point. □ The youthful Churchill, who had once sparkled so brightly, appeared to many of his contemporaries in the 1930s to have become an irascible and erratic failure. □ With the national disaster of 1940, however, sensing that everything in the past was now but a prelude to the future, Churchill became the man who won the war, the savior of his country. □ To be a descendent of the great Duke of Marlborough gave Churchill a hard time to grapple with the family heritage of previous decades.

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