3. Traditional Villages: Not Modern, But Unique!

Modern technology has made the world a much smaller place than it used to be, and each year millions of people fly to different cities all over the world. These days, international travelers will find plenty of similarities in the way modern cities look, particularly ❶ (that/when) it comes to the thousands of apartment blocks that dominate so many city skylines. (A)(            ), it wasn’t always this way. In the past, ancient villages evolved in unique and interesting ways, often ❷ (influencing/influenced) by their natural surroundings. While many of these traditional villages ❸ (have abandoned/have been abandoned) or forgotten, some continue to thrive, offering visitors an intriguing look at alternate forms of housing from the past.

1. 윗 글 빈 칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.

➀  Furthermore

➁  Because

➂  However

➃  As a result

➄  For example

2. 윗 글을 읽고  적절한 어휘를 고르시오.

➀  that -  influenced - have abandoned

➁  that - influencing - have been abandoned

➂  when - influencing - have abandoned

➃  when - influenced - have abandoned

➄  when - influenced - have been abandoned

Matera, Italy: A Village of Cave Houses

However, if you look closely, you will see a charming maze of houses.

The little-known city of Matera in southeastern Italy is considered to be one of the most charming examples of a place with traditional houses. ❶ The old part of the city was created in a rocky valley where numerous natural caves provided homes for the region’s ancient inhabitants. ❷ These days, around 2,000 people still live in the caves. ❸ At first glance, the layout of the village seems a little chaotic. ❹ One house’s roof may also be a road, a stairway, a garden, or the floor of another house. ❺ While walking through the old city, you may see chimneys appearing from the road, and realize you are walking on somebody’s roof!

3. 괄호 안의 문장이 들어갈 위치를 고르시오.

4. 위 글을 읽고 일치하지 않는 것을 고르시오.

➀  마테라는  전통 가옥들이 있는 장소로 가장 매력적인 예들 중 하나이다.

➁  마테라는 바위로 이루어진 계곡에서 생겨났다.

➂  오늘날에도 약 2000명의 사람들이 여전히 그 동굴에서 생활하고 있다.

➃  마테라는 배치가 잘 되어 있고 자세히 살펴보면 멋진 미로를 이루고 있다.

➄  마테라를 거닐면 도로에 불쑥 나타난 굴뚝을 볼수가 있다.

Matera developed throughout the centuries in a manner known as “spontaneous architecture.” This means that instead of paying attention to modern architectural trends, people simply built their homes in any way they wanted, ❶ (adapting/adapted) their style to the natural surroundings. ❷ (What/Where) ancient people once led simple lives, modern people now raise families and run small shops and accommodations. The main benefit of living in the ancient caves ❸ (are/is) that they remain cool during the hot days yet retain warmth at night.

5.  윗 글을 읽고  적절한 어휘를 고르시오.

➀  adapting - Where - is

➁  adapting - What - is

➂  adapting - Where - are

➃  adapted - What - is

➄  adapted - Where - are

6. 윗 글을 읽고 내용과 일치하지 않는 것을 고르시오.

➀  마테라는 자생적인 건축으로 알려진 방식으로 수 세기에 걸쳐 발전했다.

➁  이곳 사람들은 현대적 건축 동향에 신경을 쓰지 않았다.

➂  현재 이곳 사람들은 가족을 부양하며 조그만 상점과 숙박시설을 운영하고 있다.

➃   마테라 사람들은 자연환경의 생활방식을 맞추지 않고 단지 원하는 방식대로 집을 지었다.

➄  동굴 거주의 이득은 낮 동안에는 서늘하고 밤에는 따뜻함을 유지한다는 것이다.

In the 1950s, the Italian government attempted to ❶ (be relocated/relocate) much of Matera’s population to the new part of the city. ❷ (However/In addition), the inhabitants of the old city resisted. As one of the villagers said, “Matera is the only place in the world ❸ (which/where) people can boast of living in the houses of their ancestors of 9,000 years ago.”

7. 윗 글을 읽고  적절한 어휘를 고르시오.

➀  be relocated - However - which

➁  be relocated - In addition - where

➂  be relocated - In addition - which

➃  relocate - In addition - which

➄  relocate - However - where

Lake Titicaca, Peru: The Floating Reed Village

High up in the Andes is grand Lake Titicaca. Located at 3,825m above sea-level, it is one of the highest lakes in the world.

(A) The purpose of the island settlements was originally ❶ (defensive/defensively); if an enemy came, they could be quickly moved. The largest island still has a watchtower constructed of reeds.

(B) For centuries, the Uros have lived in reed huts ❷ (building/built) on artificial islands also made from reeds. Each year, more reeds are added to replace the rotting layers below.

(C) Over 190km long and 80km wide, the lake is home to hundreds of descendants of the Uro tribe. The Uros settled at the lake during the 16th century to hide from their enemies, the Incas.

(D) To prevent the islands from ❸ (floating/floated) away, the Uros use ropes attached to wooden poles which are driven into the bottom of the lake.

8. 괄호 안의 주어진 글 다음의 순서를 고르시오.

➀ (C) - (A) - (B) - (D)

➁ (C) - (B) - (D) - (A)

➂ (B) - (A) - (C) - (D)

➃ (B) - (C) - (A) - (D)

➄ (C) - (A) - (D) - (B)

9. 윗 글을 읽고  적절한 어휘를 고르시오.

➀  defensive - built - floating

➁  defensive - building - floated

➂  defensive - building - floating

➃  defensively - built - floating

➄  defensively - building - floated

10. 윗 글을 읽고 내용과 일치하지 않는 것을 고르시오.

➀  티티카카 호수는 세계에서 가장 높은 곳에 있는 호수 중의 하나이다.

➁  우로족은 16세기에 그들의 적인 잉카족을 피해 이 호수에 정착했다.

➂  매년 밑에서 썩고 있는  갈대 층을 대체시키기 위해 보다 많은 갈대를 더한다.

➃  섬이 떠내려가는 것을 막기 위해 호수 밑바닥에 박혀 있는 나무 막대에 연결된 밧줄을 이용한다.

➄  이 섬 마을이 형성된 목적은 적과의 공격을 위해 만들어 졌기 때문에 적이 오면 신속하게 대피할 수 있었다.

The reed islands’ surfaces are thin and uneven, and walking on them (            )  be rather like walking on a waterbed. ❶ (While/If) the smaller islands have just two or three families living on them, the bigger islands are home to around ten families. Each family has around two or three children, who attend schools built on several islands. There are currently around forty islands on the lake. However, since the islands change in shape and size over time, more islands are created ❷ (as/because of) needed. The whole village is ❸ (official/officially) part of the Titicaca National Reserve, and the Uros who live there consider themselves the owners of the lake and its waters. They make their living from fishing and reed weaving, as well as — more recently — from tourism.

11. 윗글의 빈 칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?

➀  says to be

➁  is said to be

➂  says that it is

➃  is saying to be

➄  is said that it is

12. 윗 글을 읽고  적절한 어휘를 고르시오.

➀   If - as - officially

➁   If - because of - official

➂   While - as - officially

➃   While - as - official

➄   While - because of - officially

13. 윗 글을 읽고 내용과 일치하지 않는 것을 고르시오.

➀  갈대섬의  표면은 얇고 울퉁불퉁해서 물침대 위를 걷는 것과 다소 비슷하다.

➁  작은 섬에는 두 세 가구만 거주하고, 큰 섬에는 약 열가구 정도가 거주한다.

➂  현재 티티카카 호수에는 40여개 정도의 섬이 있다.

➃  현재까지 섬의 모양과 크기가 변하지 않고, 우로족은 그 호수와 호숫물의 주인이라 믿는다.

➄  우로족은 낚시와 갈태 엮기 뿐만 아니라 최근에는 관광업으로 생계를 유지한다.

Andong, Korea: Hahoe Folk Village

The Hahoe Folk Village, located in Andong, South Korea, is a 16th-century Korean village ❶ (which/whose) inhabitants are members of a family called the Pungsan Ryu. Around 300 traditional houses can be found in the village, 130 of which have been inhabited by the same families for generations. The village’s structure and architecture have been preserved in a style typical of the Korean Joseon Dynasty. The swirling Nakdonggang surrounds the village on three sides, ❷ (provided/providing) the inspiration for the name Hahoe, which means “the spinning river village.” Because the village was built surrounded by water and mountains, it was never invaded. This is the reason why it has remained so well ❸(preserving/preserved) for hundreds of years.

14. 윗 글을 읽고  적절한 어휘를 고르시오.

➀   whose -  providing - preserving

➁   whose - providing - preserved

➂   which - provided - preserved

➃   which - providing - preserved

➄   which - provided - preserving

13. 윗 글을 읽고 내용과 일치하지 않는 것을 고르시오.

➀  하회 민속 마을은 16세기 한국의 마을로 풍산 류씨라는 가문의 구성원들이다.

➁  마을에는 약 300채의 전통가옥이 있으며, 그 중 130채에는 여러세대 동안 같은 가족들이 거주해 왔다.

➂  하회 마을의 구조물과 건축물은 조선왕조의 전형적인 양식으로 보존되어 왔다.

➃  강물이 빙글빙글 돌아가는 마을이라는 의미의 하회마을은 수백년 동안 잘 보존되어 왔다.

➄  물과 산으로 둘러 쌓여있긴 하지만 가끔 침략을 받기도 했다.

These are just three examples of the many places around the globe where people have retained traditional ways of living.

During the cold winter months, the residents make use of ondol, the traditional Korean floor-heating system Ⓐ(which/what) sends heat from the kitchen stove through pathways under the floor.❶ (             ), the houses have wide front porches known as daecheong, Ⓑ (that/which) are said to be helpful in keeping the houses cool during hot summers.❷ The village now attracts many tourists Ⓒ(who/which) are eager to experience the traditional Korean lifestyle.❸ Rather than forgetting their past, these people continue to sustain themselves in the habitats Ⓓ (that/where) their ancestors have lived in for hundreds, sometimes thousands, of years.❹ These unique cultures demonstrate an impressive ability to maintain their timeless way of living in an ever-modernizing world.❺

14. 괄호 안의 문장이 들어갈 위치를 고르시오.

15. 윗 글 빈 칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.

➀  In addition

➁  Because

➂  However

➃  As a result

➄  For example

16. Ⓐ,Ⓑ,Ⓒ,Ⓓ에 각각 들어 갈 알맞은 단어를 고르시오.

➀  what - that - who - that

➁  what - which - who - where

➂   what - which - which - that

➃   which - which - who - that

➄   which - which - who - where