2007학년도 경찰대학 제1차시험 (외국어영역)

※ [1-5] 글의 흐름으로 보아, 밑줄 친 단어의 뜻으로 가장      적절한 것을 고르시오.

8 -

8 -

1. The bomb exploded, sending lethal fragments in all directions.

① toxic	② deadly	③ sharp

④ large	⑤ plastic

2. Natural selection should have relentlessly eliminated biases in    decision making, producing a rational organism that behaves     according to the order of real cost-benefit analysis.

① flexibly	② arbitrarily	③ pitilessly

④ indifferently	⑤ intentionally

3. Try to figure out the other person's good points. Give honest,    sincere appreciation. Be hearty in your approbation and lavish    in your praise, and people will cherish your words and repeat    them over a lifetime.

① reproof	② probation	③ adaptation

④ correction	⑤ approval

4. Young travelers live by budget travel guides and often flock    to the inexpensive areas of villages and cities. Such travelers    have a reputation for stinginess.

① practice of balancing the budget

② practice of entertaining people

③ attitude of showing friendliness to strangers

④ attitude of not spending or giving money

⑤ attitude of showing hostility

5. Even after you have selected your subject, arranged it          according to plan, and rehearsed it by “talking it out,” your     preparation is not ended. You must sell yourself on the         importance of your subject. You must have the attitude that     has inspired all the truly great personages of history―a belief    in your cause.

① account for	② take issue on

③ lose yourself in	④ resign yourself to

⑤ accustom yourself to

※ [6-8] 글의 흐름으로 보아, 밑줄 친 부분 중 어법상 틀린     것을 고르시오.

6. When you have business conferences, you may meet ① an     unfamiliar situation. Sometimes, you ② will have to discuss     your business in the presence of strangers, who may or may     not have anything to do with your business. Do not be         surprised if your meeting is interrupted by people who come     into the room ③ unannounced, whisper to the person           with whom you are talking, and ④ left. Act as though you     do not hear, and never show displeasure at ⑤ being            interrupted.

7. I caught sight of her at the play and in answer to her ①      beckoning I went over during the interval and sat down beside    her. It was long since I had last seen her and if someone ②    had not mentioned her name I hardly think I would have       recognized her. She ③ addressed to me brightly. “Well, it's     many years ④ since we first met. How time does fly! We're    none of us ⑤ getting any younger. Do you remember the       first time I saw you? You asked me to luncheon.”

8. As information technology ① has spread throughout the        world, it has cut across cultures and social classes, bringing     modern types of communication ② not just to the elites but     to all levels of society. To some extent, the communication      revolution is a democratic one that ③ transmits knowledge to    those who live in the farthest reaches of the globe.             Nevertheless, critics of globalization claim that the beneficiaries    of IT are ④ those living in the developed nations and that      the inhabitants of developing countries are ⑤ depriving of the    advances in IT.

※ [9-10] 빈칸 (A)와 (B)에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것끼리    짝지은 것을 고르시오.

(B)

(A)

9. A prince, therefore, should have no other object, no other      thought, no other subject of study, than war, its rules and       disciplines; this is the only art for a man who commands, and    it is           that it not only keeps born princes in          place, but often raises men from private citizens to princely     fortune. On the other hand, it is clear that when princes have    thought more about the refinements of life than about war,      they have lost their positions. The quickest way to lose a state    is to neglect this art; the quickest way to get              is    to study it.

(A)                               (B)

① of such value	------	it

② of such value	------	one

③ for such value	------	it

④ on such value	------	one

⑤ on such value	------	it

(A)

(B)

10. Western doctors are beginning to understand what traditional    healers have always known―that the body and mind are         inseparable. The World Health Organization, in fact,            recommends that in some countries, urban doctors might have    greater success if they take a traditional healer with them as     they visit patients.      , modern urban physicians             healed the body, psychiatrists the mind, and priests or          ministers the soul.     , the medical world is                  now paying more attention to holistic medicine―an approach     based on the belief that people's state of mind can make them    sick or speed their recovery from sickness.

	(A)		(B)
①	As a result	-----	Therefore
②	Lately	-----	However
③	Until recently	-----	However
④	Nonetheless	-----	Therefore
⑤	For instance	-----	However

※ [11-13] 다음 (A), (B), (C)의 각 네모 안에서 문맥에 맞는    표현을 골라 짝지은 것을 고르시오.

11. The gentleman I happened to meet seemed a very plain       honest man, and would have been a person of good sense, if    his head had not been (A) touched with / detached from that    distemper which Hippocrates calls the Tulippomania. He would    talk very (B) rationally / irrationally on any subject in the       world but a tulip. He valued the small flower-bed of tulips      which (C) lay / laid before us more than he would value the    best hundred acres of land in England.

*Tulippomania: 튤립 애호 광증

	(A)		(B)		(C)
①	touched with	---	rationally	---	lay
②	detached from	---	rationally	---	laid
③	touched with	---	rationally	---	laid
④	touched with	---	irrationally	---	laid
⑤	detached from	---	irrationally	---	lay

12. It was an unprecedented shock. The human cost of the        terrorist attacks on America is clear for all to see: lives lost,    people injured, families bereaved, a nation suddenly made       to feel vulnerable. More easily (A) forgotten / forgetting  are    those whose livelihoods depended on the thriving financial       centre of New York that the twin towers dominated.            Thousands of jobs have been lost and business closed. Local    demand for pizza deliveries, dry cleaning and dozens of other    services (B) has / have dropped off. For the individuals         directly (C) affected / affecting , the catastrophe was huge.

(A)                  (B)	(C)

①  forgotten	----	has	----      affected

②  forgotten	----	have	----      affecting

③  forgetting	----	has	----      affected

④  forgetting	----	have	----      affecting

⑤  forgetting	----	has	----      affecting

13. In the good old days of “merry England,” long long ago,      there (A) used to be / used to being a clear distinction         between town and country. In the town the houses were all     grouped together, sometimes with a wall of defence all          round. And (B) when / where the houses ended, the fields      began. In the last two hundred years, however, since the        time of the industrial revolution and the accompanying          explosion of population, this has all changed. The towns have     burst outwards into the countryside, not only along the main     roads but everywhere into the (C) surrounding / surrounded      fields.

(A)                  (B)              (C)

① used to be	---    when	---    surrounded

② used to be	---    where	---    surrounding

③ used to be	---    where	---    surrounded

④ used to being	---    where	---    surrounding

⑤ used to being	---    when	---    surrounded

※ [14-17] 다음 글을 읽고, 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한    것을 고르시오.

14. Literature began to lose its authority, and consequently its     reality. At the same time the ability to read the book, literacy,    was decreasing, and audiovisual images, film, television, and     computer screen, were replacing the printed book as the most    efficient and preferred source of entertainment and knowledge.    Television, computer database, Xerox, word processor, tape      and VCR are not symbiotic with literature and its values in     the way that print was. New ways of acquiring, storing, and     transmitting information are signaling the end of a conception    of writing and reading. Book culture, of which literature is a    central part, is __________, and with it many of our society's    central values.

① prospering	② supported         ③ emerging

④ disappearing	⑤ rediscovered

15. Unlearned behavior, such as the knee-jerk reflex, the          eye-blinking reflex, and so on, is purely physiological and not    cultural. Shaking hands and shaving, on the other hand, are      cultural. The emphasis upon __________ is important. Homo     sapiens is poorly supplied with instincts. In marked contrast to    other species of animals, man has to learn to do most of the    things he does. There is not instinct or other biological         endowment that teaches us to tie a shoelace, comb our hair,     read a newspaper, and do many other things that we do every    day without thinking. All of these simple things and thousands    like them have to be learned. They are all a part of culture.

① instinct	② behavior           ③ thinking

④ reflex	⑤ learning

16. In my younger and more vulnerable years my father gave     me some advice that I've been turning over in my mind ever    since. “Whenever you feel like criticizing anyone, he told me,    just remember that all the people in this world haven't had the    advantages that you've had.” He didn't say any more, but        we've always been communicative in a reserved way, and I      understood that he meant a great deal more than that. In        consequence, I'm inclined to __________, a habit that has       opened up many curious human natures to me.

① be critical	② be creative

③ be suspicious	④ do all duties

⑤ reserve all judgements

17. Now I'm all for women developing competency and          self-reliance, but I think the glorification of professional         women goes too far. Home is no less “real” than the           professional world. Mothers at home may be more “real” than    bankers or lawyers. How can reading a balance sheet compare    with comforting a five-year-old who holds his dead cat and      wants to know why we have to lose the things we love?       Certainly there is value in __________, but there is not much    wisdom in teaching a daughter that she must achieve           professional success.

① proposing daughters to be open-minded

② raising daughters to be self-supporting

③ educating daughters to think highly of their family

④ recommending daughters to seek a less demanding job

⑤ advising daughters to avoid a job that looks glamorous

18. 빈칸 (A)와 (B)에 들어갈 말로 적절한 것은?

(A)

(B)

Before a big exam, a sound night's sleep will do you more    good than poring over your textbooks. That, at least, is the      folk wisdom. And science, in the form of behavioral            psychology, supports that wisdom. But such behavioral studies    cannot distinguish between two competing theories of why                   is good for the        . One says that           permanent memories are formed while you are sleeping. The     other says that they are actually formed during the day, but     then “edited” at night, to flush away what is redundant.

(A)	(B)

①  memory	-----	sleep

②  memory	-----	wisdom

③  sleep	-----	memory

④  sleep	-----	health

⑤  study	-----	brain

19. (A), (B), (C) 각 네모 안에서 문맥에 맞는 낱말을 골라 짝    지은 것으로 가장 적절한 것은?

Young women in the 1930s and '40s had real heroines. The unconventional personal lives of Isadora Duncan and Martha Graham were romantic, and Marie Curie inspired scientifically inclined young women. The (A) heroines / role models were known for courage and nobility of purpose, free from self-centered concerns. Why then do young women nowadays speak so rarely of heroines and so often of role models? A heroine is distant from ordinary women, while a role model is nearer to ordinary reality, which encourages us to have a close attention to her public and private behavior. Nobility of purpose is not currently (B) admired / ignored . In our compulsive effort to make everyone (C) heroic / ordinary we assume license to delve into personal matters; unsurprisingly, the heroic images are tarnished.

	(A)		(B)		(C)
①	heroines	---	admired	---	heroic
②	heroines	---	ignored	---	ordinary
③	heroines	---	admired	---	ordinary
④	role models	---	ignored	---	heroic
⑤	role models	---	admired	---	heroic

20. 다음 글의 내용을 한 문장으로 나타낼 때, 빈칸 (A)와 (B)    에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것끼리 짝지은 것은?

Aspirin, the most popular medicine in the world today, is     an effective pain reliever. Its bad effects are relatively mild,     and it is cheap. A small quantity of aspirin (two five-grain      tablets) relieves pain and inflammation. It also reduces fever     by interfering with some of the body's reactions. Especially,     aspirin seems to slow down the formation of the acids          involved in pain and the complex chemical reactions that        cause fever. The chemistry of these acids is not fully           understood, but the slowing effect of aspirin is well known.

(A)

(B)

Aspirin seems to      the body's reactions that                     fever.

(A)                        (B)

① trigger	-------	induce

② delay	-------	prevent

③ decrease	-------	hinder

④ eliminate	-------	provoke

⑤ interrupt	-------	develop

21. 다음 글의 내용을 한 문장으로 나타낼 때, 빈칸에 들어갈    말로 가장 적절한 것은?

A medical technique that has recently become popular is      hypnosis. In sleep, a loss of awareness occurs; in hypnosis      there is a highly concentrated but relaxed awareness, which      can be like daydreaming. When used as “hypno-anesthesia,”      hypnosis does not stop the pain process; rather, the perception    of the pain is altered. Only patients who are able to undergo    deep hypnosis, about one quarter of the population, are         appropriate for this technique in surgery. Hypnosis often         provides very ill patients with relief they can no longer obtain    from drugs or surgery.

Hypnosis can be used in surgery because it __________.

① causes the loss of consciousness

② changes the way the patient perceives the pain

③ makes the patient fail to concentrate

④ leads the patient to sleep

⑤ ceases the pain process

22. 다음 글에서 밑줄 친 “it”이 가리키는 것으로 가장 적절한    것은?

In one survey, 47 percent of those polled gained weight in    late autumn and winter. Some of this may be due to           decreased exercise in bad weather. But if you find it hard to    wake up, feel down and blue, and struggle to concentrate, you    may be one of those who suffer from “it,” coming from the     seasonal affective disorder. In order to cure “it,” spend more     time outside, even on a cloudy day. An early morning or       lunchtime walk is ideal. And boost your mood with exercise.    Try a few laps round the block, dance to your favorite music    or skip.

① headache	② anger	③ diet

④ allergy	⑤ depression

23. 다음 글의 밑줄 친 문장이 함축하는 의미로 가장 적절한    것은?

In poor countries, being relatively well off does make for     somewhat greater well-being. Psychologically as well as         materially, it is much better to be high social class than low    class. We humans need food, rest, warmth, and social contact.    But in affluent countries, where nearly everyone can afford      life's necessities, increasing affluence matters surprisingly little.    The correlation between income and happiness is incredibly      weak. Once comfortable, more money provides diminishing      returns. The second piece of pie never tastes as good as the     first.

① 지적 풍요는 물질적 풍요의 가치를 감소시킨다.

② 생존하기 위해서 인간은 기본적인 의식주가 필요하다.

③ 부유한 사람은 물질을 정신보다 중요시 한다.

④ 물질적 풍요를 누려본 사람은 점점 더 부자가 되기를 바     란다.

⑤ 부유한 사람에게 금전적 수입의 증가와 행복지수는 비례     하지 않는다.

24. 다음 글이 시사하는 바로 가장 적절한 것은?

Two young cocks were fighting fiercely for the right to rule    a dunghill. At last, the one who was beaten crept into the      corner of the hen house, covered with wounds. The victor       flew straight to the top of an outhouse, clapped his wings,      and crowed loudly to announce his victory. Just then an eagle    swooped down from the sky, grabbed him with his talons, and    carried him away. After watching all this from his hiding       place, the defeated rival came out, took possession of the       dunghill, and strutted about among his hens with all the         dignity of a majestic king.

① Pride will be your downfall.

② It is easy to despise what you cannot get.

③ Some remedies are worse than the disease itself.

④ The value of an object is in the eyes of the beholder.

⑤ He who lays traps for others is often caught by his own      snare.

25. 다음 글의 분위기로 가장 적절한 것은?

I crossed the staircase landing, and entered the room she      indicated. From that room, too, the daylight was completely      excluded, and it had an airless smell that was oppressive. It     was spacious, and I dare say had once been handsome, but      every discernible thing in it was covered with dust and mould,    and dropping to pieces. The most prominent object was a long    table with a table-cloth spread on it, as if a feast had been in    preparation when the house and the clocks all stopped          together. A large table centre-piece was in the middle of this    cloth; it was so heavily overhung with cobwebs that its form    was quite undistinguishable.

① nostalgic	② romantic	③ solemn

④ lifeless	⑤ drowsy

26. 다음은 편지의 일부이다. 이 글을 쓴 목적으로 가장 적절  한 것은?

Your staff provided me with everything I needed to make the seminar a success. I have already heard from many of the participants and they all have had good things to say about the organization of the seminar. Besides, the well-planned tour schedule allowed me to see many things in Detroit. I appreciate that I got a chance to tour the provincial areas near the city and visit the Museum of Art. It was wonderful for us to be able to share ideas regarding how the advancement of technology influences our common interest in the preservation of natural environments. I do hope to continue our close relationship in the future.

① 초청의사 전달	② 감사 표현	③ 연구동향 소개

④ 업무 상담	⑤ 관광 안내

27. 다음 도표의 내용과 일치하지 않는 것은?

① The difference between the highest and the lowest point is      bigger in Violent Attack than in Burglary.

②  Roughly speaking, between March and May the two graphs      show a contrast.

③ Burglary has more months below the annual average than       Violent Attack does.

④ Between February and July, Violent Attack is constantly        increasing, while Burglary is on the decline.

⑤ In October Violent Attack is slightly above the annual          average.

28. 미래의 직업 변동을 예상한 다음 도표의 내용과 일치하지    않는 것은?

===================================== Positive Job Growth Occupation Increase (No. of jobs) -------------------------------------------------------------
Retail salespersons Nursing aids and orderlies Home health aides Secondary school teachers Marketing/ sales supervisors Teacher aides	786,000 594,000 479,000 462,000 407,000 381,000
====================================== Negative Job Growth Occupation Decrease (No. of jobs) --------------------------------------------------------------
Farmers Sewing-machine operators Farmworkers Textile-machine operators	-231,000 -162,000 -133,000 -35,000
======================================

① Jobs to be diminished include agriculture.

② Health service industries are anticipated to grow.

③ Jobs in retail business will have a great increase.

④ No change is expected to occur in jobs for educational service.

⑤  Jobs related to machine operation will experience a decline.

29. 다음 대화의 내용과 일치하지 않는 것은?

Hong:    Did you have a chance to look over the conference            itinerary?
Spencer:    Yes, last night I read it. It seemed well planned,              but I noticed my lecture on the third day overlaps             with the luncheon time, though.
Hong:   Yes, we noticed that earlier. Don't worry, a new               schedule for that day will come out this afternoon.             Did you find any other problems with the itinerary?
Spencer:   No, I didn't. But I have a question for you. Besides            delivering a lecture, I'm also listed as one of the               five closing ceremony speakers. How long will I be            expected to talk?
Hong:    Each speaker may take around five minutes. By the            way, I've got to leave now. Would it be OK with              you to talk to Dr. Ahn for a while?
Spencer:  OK, that'll be fine.
Ahn:      I'm delighted to see you here again, Professor Spencer.            On what subject are you going to lecture this time?

Spencer:    My current concern is the interaction between                 computer use and psychology.
Ahn:   Oh, that must be interesting. I look forward to                  attending your lecture.

① Hong은 행사의 진행을 담당하고 있다.

② Spencer의 강연일정 문제는 곧 해결될 것이다.

③ Spencer는 폐막식에서 연설할 것이다.

④ 폐막식 연설은 총 15분 동안 진행된다.

⑤ Ahn은 Spencer의 강연에 참석하고 싶어 한다.

30. 밑줄 친 homeless people에 관한 설명 중, 글의 내용과 일    치하지 않는 것은?

There are hundreds of thousands of homeless people in the USA. More than 40 percent of them are adult men, and about a third of these men are military veterans. Another 40 percent of the homeless is made up of homeless families with children and single mothers with children. About half of the homeless population suffers from some kind of mental illness. There are different projects to help homeless people. They can get free food at places called soup kitchens which are often run by religious groups and nonprofit organizations. Shelters provide temporary places to stay and offer help with medical care. Homeless people also sell street newspapers to earn money.

① 약 13퍼센트는 군 예비역들이다.

② 어린이가 포함된 가정도 40퍼센트에 달한다.

③ 대부분 육체적, 정신적 질병을 앓고 있다.

④ 종교 단체의 도움으로 무료로 식사할 수 있다.

⑤ 생계를 위해서 거리에서 신문을 판매한다.

31. 다음 글의 내용과 일치하는 것은?

The nature/ nurture question is not a new one. In the 1600s, Locke wrote that a newborn infant was a “blank slate” on which his or her education and experience would be “written.” In other words, Locke believed that environment alone determined each person's identity. In contrast, Rousseau claimed that “natural” characteristics were more important. Today, we realize that both play a role. The question now is, to what degree? To answer this question, researchers studied identical twins, especially those who grew up in different environments. From the study, they found that a personality trait like anxiety is 40 to 50 percent heritable and happiness is 80 percent heritable.

① People have begun to discuss the nature/ nurture question

lately.

②  Research shows that environment alone is responsible for

one's identity.

③  Rousseau claimed that “nurture” determines one's identity.

④  According  to  Locke,  education  and  experience shape one's

identity.

⑤  Identical  twins  raised  separately  show the same personality

traits.

32. 다음 글에서 전체의 흐름과 관계가 없는 것은?

In Korea, the sudden emergence of “hallyu” and its impact have generated lively public debate.  ① Some observers find affirmation in the value of Korean culture through its appreciation by foreigners.  ② The commercial potential of “hallyu” also remains an object of fascination.  ③ All of these powerful forces within the cultural flows of Korea have created a number of unbalanced exchanges.  ④ But there is some anxiety that worldwide audiences might eventually move on to the next major cultural trend to sweep the globe.  ⑤ More pessimistic views argue that “hallyu” reflects Koreans mimicking powerful Western cultures.

33. 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장 적    절한 곳은?

In the middle of the summer, however, he found that his wheat was being ruined by insects.

Farmer Brown lived in a rural area raising wheat. (①) This year he had an unusually good field of wheat with the appropriate amount of sunlight and rainfall. (②) In order to protect the wheat, whenever he saw any birds in this field, he got his gun and shot as many of them as he could. (③) With no birds to feed on them, the insects had multiplied very fast. (④) Farmer Brown did not understand that a bird is not simply an animal that eats food he wants to protect. (⑤) But it is one of the many links of food cycle in the complex environment where we live.

※ [34-35] 다음 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.

34. Some reporters looked at daily and monthly records kept by many famous people such as Goethe, Victor Hugo, Mozart, and Charles Darwin. These studies indicated that great artists, writers, musicians, and scientists tend to have peaks of creativity every 7.6 months, followed by a low period. Moreover, the studies proposed that high points of creativity come in a longer seven-year pattern. Sigmund Freud believed that his best work came in seven-year cycles. Possibly, we all have high points and low points in our creative cycles. This may be the reason why we have “good days” and “bad days” at work, or do well or poorly on an examination.

① Creativity Cycles

② Peaks of Creativity

③ Seven-year Pattern of Success

④ High and Low Points in One's Life

⑤ Tips to Keep Our Creativity

35. If you find yourself stuck with a real bore, or simply feel it's time to end a long conversation and move on, there's always one guaranteed way: “Excuse me. I have to visit the restroom.” If you make it sound urgent enough, no one will take offense at your departure. When you come back, you start another conversation, only this time with someone else. Or, if you spot someone you know nearby, you can make your escape with, “Stacey! Have you met Bill?” As Stacey is shaking hands with Bill, you can say, “I'll be back in a minute, but I know you two will have a lot to talk about.” At a busy cocktail party they won't be surprised if you don't come back in a minute.

① Living with Boredom

② Conversation in Practice

③ Strategies of Small Talk

④ How to Get out of a Conversation

⑤ How to Mix at a Busy Cocktail Party

36. 다음 글의 주제로 가장 적절한 것은?

I have never fallen into a certain fantastical taste, nor valued anything the better for its being the uncommon and extraordinary. I look upon the whole country as a spacious garden, and I make many visits to a spot of daisies or a bank of violets. Within a mile from my home there is not a bush or blossom which I am not acquainted with. I would walk home through several fields and meadows with an unspeakable pleasure, reflecting on the bounty of Nature which has made the most pleasing and most beautiful objects the most ordinary and most common.

① natural landscape as a source of imagination

② a variety of beautiful ordinary flowers

③ the value of the extraordinary taste

④ the use of natural objects for meditation

⑤ the pleasure in the common things in nature

※ [37-38] 다음 글을 읽고, 물음에 답하시오.

For some of us, English was made to look as if it was a gift of civilization. By replacing our language and thus erasing the African legacy, English had defined our culture as invisible and negative. Let me now relate to you briefly how some of us were taken by English from the dark continent of nineteenth-century Africa to the so-called modernity of twentieth-century colonial Africa. In my primary school we were taught English from a text under the general series “English Reading for Africa.” We had to read the story of a boy called John and a girl called Joan. And it thus came to pass that, while still in my village and before I knew the names of any other towns in Kenya, I already knew about a town called Oxford where the two children were born. We, the new readers, followed them wherever they went. Even today, when I hear the name of Oxford or travel in its vicinity, I still remember Joan and John. But that recollection is shameful indeed: English was taught as if it were our own language, as if Africa had no tongues.

37. 위 글의 필자의 심경을 나타내는 말로 적절한 것은?

① detached	② scared	③ embittered

④ confident	⑤ homesick

38. 위의 글 바로 뒤에 이어질 문장의 내용으로 가장 적절한    것은?

① Learning a foreign language can lead us to lose our identity.

② A language is worthwhile to learn in its cultural context.

③ We need a language in which all the nations can communicate.

④ English makes me feel happy about my childhood days.

⑤ The cultural superiority of one nation does not go with the

excellence of its language.

※ [39-40] 다음 글을 읽고, 물음에 답하시오.

The story of the survivor, who came to dominate the earth, begins in Africa's lush forests some four million years ago. A crucial discovery came in 1974. Donald Johanson and Mauruce Taieb painstakingly pieced together the remarkable ancient primate skeleton. It was unlike any species of primate known to have come before, and researchers could tell that this (a) “missing link” between apes and humans walked fully upright.  Many more remains of (b) the species have turned up since, including beautifully preserved footprints found in 1978 in Tanzania. (c) These short creatures were probably only slightly smarter than the average apes. Their upright stance and two-foot locomotion, however, may have given (d) them an advantage by freeing their hands, making them more efficient food gatherers. These creatures then thrived and passed their genes on to future generations, giving rise to a species called Homo habilis, or “handy man.” (e) This new hominid had a somewhat larger brain and figured out for the first time how to make stone tools. Its adaptations to the rigor of prehistoric African life enabled Homo habilis to evolve into a taller, stronger, smarter variety of human, Homo erectus, probably almost indistinguishable from the modern human from the neck down.

*hominid: 사람과(科)의 동물, 사람

39. 위 글의 내용과 일치하지 않는 것은?

①  “missing link”는 아프리카 밀림지대에서 발견되었다.

② “missing link”는 두발로 걸어 다녔을 것으로 추정된다.

③ 발자국 화석은 “missing link”가 손을 사용했다는 것을 시     사한다.

④ Homo erectus는 처음으로 돌 도구를 사용하였다.

⑤ Homo erectus는 두뇌를 제외하고는 현대인과 크게 다르지     않다.

40. 위 글의 내용으로 보아, 밑줄 친 (a)-(e) 중에서 나머지

넷과 가리키는 바가 다른 하나는?

① (a)      ② (b)      ③ (c)      ④ (d)      ⑤ (e)

※ [41-42] 다음 글을 읽고, 물음에 답하시오.

There is currently a sex-role revolution occurring in our society. Men as well as women are becoming aware of the (A) negative / positive effects of sex-role distinctions. Increasingly we see courses on this topic in high schools, vocational schools, and colleges. More and more women are entering the labor force. Men also are taking on new roles and entering new careers. It is becoming increasingly common for men to accept equal responsibility for domestic tasks and for child rearing. In addition, we are now seeing more male nurses, secretaries, child-care workers, nursery school teachers, and flight attendants. People have begun to change their ideas about the  “__________” of sex roles. Traditional discriminations are coming to be perceived as an irrational system that intimidates women with lifelong (B)  inferiority / superiority and wasted potential and restricts men to the role of always being competitive, aggressive, and emotionally (C) sensitive / insensitive.

41. 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?

① domesticity	② evolution	③ species

④ variety	⑤ naturalness

42. (A), (B), (C)의 각 네모 안에서 문맥에 맞는 표현을 골라    짝지은 것은?

	(A)		(B)		(C)
①	negative	---	inferiority	---	insensitive
②	positive	---	inferiority	---	insensitive
③	negative	---	inferiority	---	sensitive
④	positive	---	superiority	---	sensitive
⑤	negative	---	superiority	---	sensitive

※ [43-44] 다음 글을 읽고, 물음에 답하시오.

In conversation, the people involved are face to face, interacting and constantly adjusting to one another to insure understanding. On public occasions, each listener's understanding is guided by the speaker and by others in the audience, which tends to rule out eccentric, individual reactions in favor of more normative responses. Orality reinforces communal, public life, favors the outgoing personality, and makes for __________. Reading, by its nature, however, makes for the private, inward-turned self, the separated individuals who make up modern society's “lonely crowd.” In Gutenberg society to be acknowledged as able to read is an initiation rite, as it were, into the human condition. It is from writing and reading that Gutenberg people not only get information but find out who and where they are. Readers are isolated individuals, encapsulated in silence, their intelligence encountering on the printed page a removed and mysterious reality. The printed signs are indeterminate and require endless interpretation. Lacking the full context of oral situations, truth is never simple in print but always ambivalent, uncertain, elaborate, and complex.

43. 밑줄 친 Gutenberg society가 의미하는 것으로 가장

적절한 것은?

① 글을 읽고 쓰는 능력이 중요한 사회

② 공공연설이 큰 역할을 하는 사회

③ 대중매체가 발달한 사회

④ 추상적인 기호가 범람하는 사회

⑤ 공동체 생활을 중시하는 사회

44. 위 글의 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?

① individualism	② storytelling	③ listening skill

④ group conformity	⑤ cultural literacy

※ [45-46] 다음 글을 읽고, 물음에 답하시오.

In order to specify the overall composition of a planetary atmosphere, we have to decide what to include. On Venus and Mars this decision is simple because there is a sharp transition at the surface of the planet from gas above to solid below. It is clear that the surface marks the bottom of the atmosphere. On the other hand, there are no clearly defined bottoms to the atmospheres of the outer planets―Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune. These planets are composed almost entirely of hydrogen and helium, as is the Sun. The gas is probably converted to a liquid or solid form in the deep interiors of the planets where pressures are very high, but the transitions are likely to be gradual. So when we talk of the atmospheres of these planets we mean the outer regions, with no attempt being made to distinguish between the atmosphere and the rest of the planet. On Earth, the picture is complicated by the presence of the oceans. It is not always sufficient to say that the bottom of the atmosphere is the surface of the sea or land because there is a continual exchange of matter, energy, and momentum between the sea and the air above it. This exchange makes the behavior of each one dependent, to some extent, on the behavior of the other. For some purposes, therefore, it is convenient to consider ocean and atmosphere as parts of the same physical system.

45. 위 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은?

① Boundaries of the Atmosphere

② Roles of Earth's Atmosphere

③ Beyond the Atmosphere

④ Origins of the Atmosphere

⑤ Effects of the Atmosphere

46. 위 글의 밑줄 친 picture와 같은 의미로 쓰인 것은?

① We had our picture taken in front of the hotel.

② The overall picture for farming is encouraging.

③ Luke is the picture of his father.

④ We're going to the pictures tonight.

⑤ A picture of Rory O'Moore hangs in the dining room.

※ [47-48] 다음 글을 읽고, 물음에 답하시오.

Many phenomena mystify the human mind, and when men do not have scientific explanations they will construct others that, no less than the former, influence their conduct. Thus, there are “home remedies” for illnesses of one kind or another; auspicious dates, not including Friday the thirteenth, for launching great enterprises or for planting crops; weather predictions―“Rain before seven, clear before eleven,” for example―that belong to folklore rather than to meteorology; and so on. The legend of George Washington and the cherry tree, invented out of whole cloth by Parson Weems, his biographer, has been used to inculcate the virtues of truth telling in generations of American school children. “Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy, and wise,” and all the other maxims of Benjamin Franklin are further examples of ideas that have exerted, and that continue to exert, an incalculable influence upon our society. Like the cribs in which we are placed at birth, they are ready for us when we enter our society, and we accept a very large number of them, as we do the cribs, without criticism and without conscious deliberation.

47. 위 글에서 밑줄 친 invented의 의미로 가장 적절한 것은?

① coined	② fabricated	③ originated

④ improvised	⑤ discovered

48. 위 글의 요지로 가장 적절한 것은?

① 민간요법은 전통적으로 계승된다.

② 민담도 기상학의 발전에 기여한다.

③ 속담이나 격언들은 생활에 도움을 준다.

④ 과학적 진리는 일상생활에 쓸모가 많다.

⑤ 비과학적인 관념들도 생활방식에 영향을 미친다.

※ [49-50] 다음 글을 읽고, 물음에 답하시오.

(A)

Throughout history mankind has celebrated the bountiful harvest with thanksgiving ceremonies. Many ancient farmers believed that their crops contained spirits which caused the crops to grow and die.

(B)

After a hard and tough first year in the New World the Pilgrim's fall harvest was very successful and plentiful. They proclaimed a day of thanksgiving that was shared by all the colonists and the neighboring Native American Indians.

(C)

People in many countries believed that these spirits would be released when the crops were harvested and they had to be destroyed or they would take revenge on the farmers who harvested them. Some of the harvest festivals celebrated the defeat of these spirits.

(D)

When the Pilgrims, seeking religious freedom, first came to American shores from England, they started to celebrate the harvest with ceremonies as the old farmers did. The Pilgrims endured many hardships. They built homes in the wilderness. They raised crops to keep them alive during the long coming winter.

49. 위 글에서 (A)에 이어질 내용을 글의 흐름에 따라 알맞게    배열한 것은?

① (B) - (C) - (D)

② (B) - (D) - (C)

③ (C) - (D) - (B)

④ (C) - (B) - (D)

⑤ (D) - (B) - (C)

50. 위 글의 내용과 일치하는 것은?

① 고대의 농부들은 곡물이 스스로 자란다고 믿었다.

② Pilgrims는 인디언에게서 곡물을 얻어 왔다.

③ 곡물의 정령은 추수 후에 퇴치되어야 한다고 여겨졌다.

④ Pilgrims는 미국에 도착한 해에 추수감사절을 지냈다.

⑤ Pilgrims는 대평원에 다리를 건축하였다.

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