고2 능률(찬) 9과

학교: ____________________	이름: __________________

H2  Lesson 9.  The Beauty of Art

◭본문◮

⍒초강력분석⍒

“  A winner never quits

and A quitter never wins “

Words & Phrase Ⅰ

번호	단어 / 숙어	의미	번호	단어 / 숙어	의미
1	ratio	비율	21	front	정면, 앞면
2	portrait	초상화	22	height	높이, 높음
3	visually	시각적으로	23	face	앞면, 표면
4	pleasing	기분 좋은, 만족을 주는	24	Renaissance	르네상스
5	universal	보편적인	25	examine	검토하다
6	characteristic	특질, 특색	26	occurrence	(사건이)일어남, 발생
7	proportion	비율, 비	27	house	(물건을)보관하다, 간수하다
8	precise	정확한, 정밀한	28	automatically	자동적으로
9	rectangle	직사각형	29	dimension	치수, 넓이
10	canvas	캔버스, 화포	30	amazingly	놀랄 만큼, 굉장하게
11	compare... to~	...와 ~를 비교하다	31	abstract	추상적인
12	continually	계속해서, 계속적으로	32	realistic	현실주의의, 현실적인
13	spiral	나선형, 소용돌이선	33	landscape	풍경
14	galaxy	은하수	34	horizontal	수평선의
15	artistic	예술의	35	vertical	수직의
16	Athens	아테네(그리스 수도)	36	geometric	기하학적인
17	mathematical	수학의, 수리적인	37	primary	기본적인
18	approach	접근	38	logic	논리
19	goddess	여신	39	at the beginning of	~의 초기에
20	Athena	아테네(지혜, 예술의 여신)	40	combination	결합, 연합

Words & Phrase Ⅱ

번호	단어 / 숙어	의미	번호	단어 / 숙어	의미
41	derive	(원천에서)끌어오다, 얻다	61
42	appreciate	감상하다	62
43	play an important role in	~에서 중요한 역할을 하다	63
44			64
45			65
46			66
47			67
48			68
49			69
50			70
51			71
52			72
53			73
54			74
55			75
56			76
57			77
58			78
59			79
60			80

Part-1 선택형 본문분석

Lesson 9 The Beauty of Art

The Secret of the Golden Ratio

고2 능률(찬) 9과

What is beauty?

What allows us (saying/to say) that a sculpture, a picture, or an (impressive/impressed) architectural work (to be/is) “beautiful”?

Is it possible to (compare/be compared) the beauty of a portrait to the beauty of a temple?

If so, what sort of elements (are/do) they share that (make/makes) them both so (visual/visually) (pleasing/pleased)?

Surprisingly, the answer can (found/be found) in the field of mathematics.

It (seems/is seemed) that a universal characteristic of beauty (do/does) exist, in the form of a (preposition /proportion) called the “golden ratio.”

What is the Golden Ratio?

The golden ratio — a (precise/precious) way of dividing a line or a shape — (appearing/appeared) early in mathematics.

It goes back at least as far as 300 B.C., when Euclid (ascribed/described) it in his major work, Elements.

아름다움이란 무엇인가?

우리로 하여금 조각이나 그림, 혹은 인상적인 건축물을 ‘아름답다’라고 말할 수 있게 하는 것은 무엇인가?

초상화의 아름다움을 사원의 아름다움과 비교하는 것이 가능할까?

만일 그렇다면, 그것들은 그 둘을 그토록 시각적으로 즐겁게 하는, 어떤 종류의 요소들을 공유하고 있는가?

놀랍게도, 그 대답은 수학 분야에서 찾을 수 있다.

아름다움의 보편적인 특징은 ‘황금 비율’이라고 불리우는 비율의 형태로 정말 존재하는 것 같다.

황금 비율이란 무엇인가?

선이나 모양을 나누는 정확한 방법인 황금 비율은 일찍이 수학에서 등장했다.

그것은 적어도 기원전 300년까지 거슬러 올라가는데, 그 다시 유클리드는 그것을 자신의 주요 저서인 ‘원론’에서 설명하였다.

The golden ratio is a proportion (which/in which) a straight line is (dividing/ divided) into two (equal/unequal) parts in such a way that the ratio of the smaller to the greater part is about 1:1.618.

It can also be (applying/applied) to a rectangle, (that/which) is the most (common/commonly) shape for a canvas.

As you can see in the example, the ratio of its width to its length (equaling/equals) the golden ratio, 1:1.618. This kind of rectangle (called/is called) a “golden rectangle.”

The golden rectangle is a very (important/importantly) shape in mathematics, and it (appears/is appeared) in nature as well.

By (continual/continually) dividing one golden rectangle into smaller golden rectangles, you can create the pattern of a golden spiral, such as the one (found/is found) in a *nautilus shell or even in a galaxy.

It is also often used in art and architecture. The golden rectangle (considered/is considered) to be one of the most (pleasing/pleased) and beautiful (shape/shapes) to look at.

That is (why/because) many artists have (used/been used) it in their work.

Leonardo da Vinci and Piet Mondrian are perhaps the (best/most) famous artists (are known/known) to have used golden rectangles, (following/followed) an artistic tradition that began (very/much) earlier in the age of Classical Greece.

황금 비율이란 직선이 길이가 다른 두 부분으로 나누어질 때, 짧은 부분과 긴 부분의 비율이 약 1:1.618이 되는 비율을 말한다.

그것은 직사각형에도 적용될 수 있는데, 캔버스의 가장 일반적인 형태가 그것이다.

사례에서 볼 수 있듯이, 폭과 길이의 비율이 황금 비율인 1:1.618이다. 이런 종류의 직사각형은 ‘황금 직사각형’이라고 불린다.

황금 직사각형은 수학에서 매우 중요한 형태이며 자연에서도 나타난다.

하나의 황금 직사각형을 보다 작은 황금 직사각형으로 계속 나누면, 앵무조개나 심지어 은하계에서 발견되는 것과 같은 황금 나선형의 패턴을 만들 수 있다.

그것은 또한 미술과 건축에서도 자주 사용된다. 황금 직사각형은 보기에 가장 즐겁고 아름다운 형태 중 하나라고 여겨진다.

그것이 많은 화가들이 자신의 작품에 그것을 이용한 이유이다.

레오나르도 다 빈치와 피에트 몬드리안은 고대 그리스 시대에 일찍이 시작된 예술적 전통을 따라, 황금 직사각형을 사용했다고 알려진 가장 유명한 화가들일 것이다.

The Parthenon in Greece

The Parthenon, (locating/located) in Athens, Greece, is perhaps the best example of a mathematical (approach/approach to) art.

This temple, (building/built) for the Greek goddess Athena in the 5th century B.C., (designed/was designed) by Ictinus and Callicrates, (using/used) the golden ratio.

For example, the front of the Parthenon was (destructed/constructed) using several golden rectangles.

The ratio of the width of the building to the height of the face (to be/is) the golden ratio, too.

The Parthenon, for these reasons, has come to (know/be known) as the "perfect building."

Leonardo da Vinci's Mona Lisa

Leonardo da Vinci was a great Italian Renaissance painter. He was also a scientist and (invention/inventor).

In his art, da Vinci (careful/carefully) examined the (proportions/prepositions) of the human body.

He found many (appeareances/occurrences) of the golden ratio and golden rectangles.

그리스의 파르테논 신전

그리스 아테네에 위치한 파르테논 신전은 예술에 수학적으로 접근한 최고의 사례 것이다.

기원전 5세기에 그리스 여신 아테네를 위해 세워진 이 사원은 황금 비율을 이용해서 익티누스와 칼리크라테스에 의해 설계되었다.

예를 들어, 파르테논 신전의 정면은 여러 개의 황금 직사각형을 이용해서 건설되었다.

그 건물의 너비와 정면 높이의 비율도 황금 비율이다.

이런 이유들로 파르테논 신전은 ‘완벽한 건축물’로 알려지게 되었다.

레오나르도 다 빈치의 ‘모나리자’

레오나르도 다 빈치는 르네상스기의 위대한 이탈리아 화가였다. 그는 과학자이자 발명가이기도 했다.

그의 미술에서 다 빈치는 인체의 비율을 주의 깊게 검토했다.

그는 황금 비율과 황금 직사각형이 발견되는 경우를 많이 찾아냈다.

You have probably heard of the Mona Lisa, which (houses/is housed) in the Louvre Museum in Paris.

The Mona Lisa is one of the most famous (painting/ paintings) in the world. It's a (classic/classical) example of both the power of the golden ratio and (its/their) role in creating beauty.

For instance, if you draw a rectangle around the Mona Lisa’s face, (which/that) rectangle will (automatic/automatically) turn out to be “golden.”

That is, it’ll (form/be formed) a rectangle (which/whose) proportions (matching/match) the golden ratio.

(Moreover/On the contrary), the dimensions of the painting itself also form a golden rectangle.

There are, in addition, (other/others) examples of the golden ratio to (find/be found) in this famous painting.

One of these, (amazing/amazingly), is that a golden rectangle can (draw/be drawn) from her neck to just above her hands.

Piet Mondrian’s Abstract Style

Piet Mondrian was a (modern/moderate) Dutch artist who lived from 1872 to 1944. Although he painted many (realistic/realism) landscapes at the beginning of his career, over time Mondrian came to (favor/be favored) an abstract style in his work.

여러분은 파리 루브르 박물관에 보관된 ‘모나리자’를 들어 본 적이 있을 것이다.

‘모나리자’는 세계적으로 가장 유명한 그림 중 하나이다. 그것은 아름다움을 창조하는 데 있어서 황금 비율의 위력과 그 역할을 동시에 보여주는 최고의 사례이다.

예를 들어, 만약 당신이 모나리자의 얼굴 주위에 직사각형을 그린다면, 그 직사각형은 저절로 ‘황금률’임이 드러날 것이다.

즉, 그 비율이 황금 비율과 일치하는 직사각형이 만들어진다는 것이다.

게다가, 그림 자체의 크기 역시 황금 직사각형을 형성한다.

또한 이 유명한 그림 안에서 발견되는 황금 비율의 또 다른 사례들이 있다.

그중 하나는 놀랍게도 그녀의 목에서 그녀의 손 바로 윗부분까지 황금 직사각형이 그려진다는 것이다.

피에트 몬드리안의 추상화 스타일

피에트 몬드리안은 1872년부터 1944년까지 살았던 네덜란드의 현대 화가였다. 화가로서 경력을 시작할 때 그는 사실적인 풍경화를 많이 그렸지만, 시간이 흐르면서 몬드리안은 그의 작품에서 추상적인 스타일을 선호하게 되었다.

Mondrian became famous for (using/being used) horizontal and vertical black lines (like/as) the basis for many of his paintings.

He shared da Vinci’s belief (that/which) mathematics and art were (close/closely) (connecting/connected) and used the simplest geometric shapes and (primary/private) colors — red, yellow, and blue — to express reality, nature, and logic from a different point of view.

Mondrian’s point of view was that any shape can be created with basic geometric shapes and (which/that) any color can be created with (different/differently) combinations of red, blue, and yellow.

The golden rectangle is one of the basic (shape/shapes) that (continual/continually) (is appeared/appear) in Mondrian’s art.

For example, if you look at Composition with Red, Yellow, and Blue, which he painted in 1942, you can see many golden rectangles.

It may be difficult to believe that there is a secret (to be/to being) beautiful, especially one as cold and (simple/simply) as a mathematical ratio.

If one examines the history of art, (therefore/however), it certainly seems that  there is something (special/specially) about the golden ratio.

Though (deriving/derived) from a mathematical ratio, it plays an important role in creating (objects/objections) of great beauty that can (appreciate/be appreciated) by people from many different cultures around the world.

몬드리안은 많은 그림들에 기본으로 수평과 수직의 검은 선들을 사용한 것으로 유명해졌다.

그는 수학과 미술이 밀접하게 연관되어 있다는 다 빈치의 생각을 공유했고, 다른 관점에서 현실과 자연, 그리고 논리를 표현하기 위해 가장 단순한 기하학적 형태들과 빨강, 노랑, 파랑과 같은 원색을 사용했다.

몬드리안의 관점은 어떤 형태라도 기본적인 가하학적 모양들로부터 창조될 수 있고, 어떤 색깔이라도 빨강, 파랑, 노랑의 서로 다른 배합으로 만들어질 수 있다는 것이었다.

황금 직사각형은 몬드리안의 미술에서 지속적으로 나타나는 기본적인 모양들 가운데 하나이다.

예를 들어, 그가 1942년에 그린 ‘빨강, 노랑, 파랑의 구성’을 보면, 많은 황금 직사각형들을 볼 수 있다.

아름다움에 어떤 ‘비결’이 있고, 특히 그것이 수학적인 비율처럼 냉철하고 단순한 것이라는 사실을 믿기는 어려울 것이다.

그런데 만약 누군가가 미술사를 검토한다면, 분명히 황금 비율에 관한 어떤 특별한 것이 있을 것이다.

비록 수학적인 비율에서 유래했지만, 그것은 전 세계적으로 서로 다른 많은 문화적 배경을 가진 사람들에 의해 감상될 수 있는 위대한 아름다움을 지닌 대상을 만들어 내는 데 중요한 역할을 한다.

H2  Lesson 9.  The Beauty of Art

◭일일확인평가◮

학교: __________________

이름: __________________

“  A winner never quits

and A quitter never wins “

Words & Phrase Ⅰ

번호	단어 / 숙어	의미	번호	단어 / 숙어	의미
1	ratio		21	front
2	portrait		22	height
3	visually		23	face
4	pleasing		24	Renaissance
5	universal		25	examine
6	characteristic		26	occurrence
7	proportion		27	house
8	precise		28	automatically
9	rectangle		29	dimension
10	canvas		30	amazingly
11	compare... to~		31	abstract
12	continually		32	realistic
13	spiral		33	landscape
14	galaxy		34	horizontal
15	artistic		35	vertical
16	Athens		36	geometric
17	mathematical		37	primary
18	approach		38	logic
19	goddess		39	at the beginning of
20	Athena		40	combination

Words & Phrase Ⅱ

번호	단어 / 숙어	의미	번호	단어 / 숙어	의미
41	derive		61
42	appreciate		62
43	play an important role in		63
44			64
45			65
46			66
47			67
48			68
49			69
50			70
51			71
52			72
53			73
54			74
55			75
56			76
57			77
58			78
59			79
60			80

Part-2 선택형 본문분석 & 해석연습

Lesson 9 The Beauty of Art

The Secret of the Golden Ratio

고2 능률(찬) 9과

What is beauty?

______________________________________________________________________

What allows us (saying/to say) that a sculpture, a picture, or an (impressive/impressed) architectural work (to be/is) “beautiful”?

______________________________________________________________________

Is it possible to (compare/be compared) the beauty of a portrait to the beauty of a temple?

______________________________________________________________________

If so, what sort of elements (are/do) they share that (make/makes) them both so (visual/visually) (pleasing/pleased)?

______________________________________________________________________

Surprisingly, the answer can (found/be found) in the field of mathematics.

______________________________________________________________________

It (seems/is seemed) that a universal characteristic of beauty (do/does) exist, in the form of a (preposition /proportion) called the “golden ratio.”

______________________________________________________________________

What is the Golden Ratio?

The golden ratio — a (precise/precious) way of dividing a line or a shape — (appearing/appeared) early in mathematics.

______________________________________________________________________

It goes back at least as far as 300 B.C., when Euclid (ascribed/described) it in his major work, Elements.

______________________________________________________________________

The golden ratio is a proportion (which/in which) a straight line is (dividing/ divided) into two (equal/unequal) parts in such a way that the ratio of the smaller to the greater part is about 1:1.618.

______________________________________________________________________

It can also be (applying/applied) to a rectangle, (that/which) is the most (common/commonly) shape for a canvas.

______________________________________________________________________

As you can see in the example, the ratio of its width to its length (equaling/equals) the golden ratio, 1:1.618. This kind of rectangle (called/is called) a “golden rectangle.”

______________________________________________________________________

The golden rectangle is a very (important/importantly) shape in mathematics, and it (appears/is appeared) in nature as well.

______________________________________________________________________

By (continual/continually) dividing one golden rectangle into smaller golden rectangles, you can create the pattern of a golden spiral, such as the one (found/is found) in a *nautilus shell or even in a galaxy.

______________________________________________________________________

It is also often used in art and architecture. The golden rectangle (considered/is considered) to be one of the most (pleasing/pleased) and beautiful (shape/shapes) to look at.

______________________________________________________________________

That is (why/because) many artists have (used/been used) it in their work.

______________________________________________________________________

Leonardo da Vinci and Piet Mondrian are perhaps the (best/most) famous artists (are known/known) to have used golden rectangles, (following/followed) an artistic tradition that began (very/much) earlier in the age of Classical Greece.

______________________________________________________________________

The Parthenon in Greece

The Parthenon, (locating/located) in Athens, Greece, is perhaps the best example of a mathematical (approach/approach to) art.

______________________________________________________________________

This temple, (building/built) for the Greek goddess Athena in the 5th century B.C., (designed/was designed) by Ictinus and Callicrates, (using/used) the golden ratio.

______________________________________________________________________

For example, the front of the Parthenon was (destructed/constructed) using several golden rectangles.

______________________________________________________________________

The ratio of the width of the building to the height of the face (to be/is) the golden ratio, too.

______________________________________________________________________

The Parthenon, for these reasons, has come to (know/be known) as the "perfect building."

______________________________________________________________________

Leonardo da Vinci's Mona Lisa

Leonardo da Vinci was a great Italian Renaissance painter. He was also a scientist and (invention/inventor).

______________________________________________________________________

In his art, da Vinci (careful/carefully) examined the (proportions/prepositions) of the human body.

______________________________________________________________________

He found many (appeareances/occurrences) of the golden ratio and golden rectangles.

______________________________________________________________________

You have probably heard of the Mona Lisa, which (houses/is housed) in the Louvre Museum in Paris.

______________________________________________________________________

The Mona Lisa is one of the most famous (painting/ paintings) in the world. It's a (classic/classical) example of both the power of the golden ratio and (its/their) role in creating beauty.

______________________________________________________________________

For instance, if you draw a rectangle around the Mona Lisa’s face, (which/that) rectangle will (automatic/automatically) turn out to be “golden.”

______________________________________________________________________

That is, it’ll (form/be formed) a rectangle (which/whose) proportions (matching/match) the golden ratio.

______________________________________________________________________

(Moreover/On the contrary), the dimensions of the painting itself also form a golden rectangle.

______________________________________________________________________

There are, in addition, (other/others) examples of the golden ratio to (find/be found) in this famous painting.

______________________________________________________________________

One of these, (amazing/amazingly), is that a golden rectangle can (draw/be drawn) from her neck to just above her hands.

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Piet Mondrian’s Abstract Style

Piet Mondrian was a (modern/moderate) Dutch artist who lived from 1872 to 1944. Although he painted many (realistic/realism) landscapes at the beginning of his career, over time Mondrian came to (favor/be favored) an abstract style in his work.

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Mondrian became famous for (using/being used) horizontal and vertical black lines (like/as) the basis for many of his paintings.

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He shared da Vinci’s belief (that/which) mathematics and art were (close/closely) (connecting/connected) and used the simplest geometric shapes and (primary/private) colors — red, yellow, and blue — to express reality, nature, and logic from a different point of view.

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Mondrian’s point of view was that any shape can be created with basic geometric shapes and (which/that) any color can be created with (different/differently) combinations of red, blue, and yellow.

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The golden rectangle is one of the basic (shape/shapes) that (continual/continually) (is appeared/appear) in Mondrian’s art.

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For example, if you look at Composition with Red, Yellow, and Blue, which he painted in 1942, you can see many golden rectangles.

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It may be difficult to believe that there is a secret (to be/to being) beautiful, especially one as cold and (simple/simply) as a mathematical ratio.

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If one examines the history of art, (therefore/however), it certainly seems that  there is something (special/specially) about the golden ratio.

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Though (deriving/derived) from a mathematical ratio, it plays an important role in creating (objects/objections) of great beauty that can (appreciate/be appreciated) by people from many different cultures around the world.

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