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	이 름

다음 글을 읽고 알 수 있는 내용이 아닌 것은?

1

[2 과]

Welcome to my blog! My name is Christopher, and I live in Chicago with my wife and our two-year-old son. For one year, we're going to attempt to stop having a negative impact on the environment. This might not seem difficult in the countryside, but it's a real challenge when you live in the middle of a big city! Our first step will be figuring out the best ways to stop creating trash. After that, we're going to take a close look at the food we buy. Finally, we'll look for sustainable ways to reduce energy use.

I know it won't be easy, but I feel that this is a very important issue. I'm not an expert and I don't expect to be a role model. I just hope other people can learn from our mistakes and find their own ways to live more environmentally friendly lives!

① specific ways to reduce

② where he lives and whom he lives with

③ the main theme he deals with on his blog

④ efforts he will make to save the environment

⑤ what he wants from sharing record about his environmental efforts

주어진 글에 나타난 필자의 심경 변화로 가장 적절한 것은?

1

[2 과]

When we first started this experiment, we had lots of arguments about simple tasks that had suddenly become difficult. For example, who would take our son to his day care center each morning? Before, this had just required spending a few minutes in a taxi. Now it meant an extra 20 minutes on foot before making the long walk to work.

Most of these things have worked out smoothly. My wife now says that her daily walk is the best part of her day. As a busy working mother, she values having some time alone. Not having a TV has really strengthened our relationships. My wife and I talk more often, and both of us are spending more quality time with our son.

Even our health has improved. Before we started this experiment, both of us were slightly overweight. By always using the stairs and walking everywhere, we've gotten into shape without ever setting foot in a gym.

① resentful	→  content

② carefree	→  desperate

③ embarrassed  →  indifferent

④ exhilarated   →   overwhelmed

⑤ confident	→   tensed

[서술형] 아래 글에 근거하여 개념지도(concept map)을 만들고자 한다. 빈칸에 들어갈 알맞은 표현을 글에서 찾아 쓰시오.

(A) electricity (B) miss

(C) lights (D) refrigerator

[2 과]

<조건>

- 빈칸에 각각 한 단어씩 쓸 것

- 본문에 있는 단어를 그대로 찾아 쓸 것

There are man ways we can try when it comes to reducing impact on the environment. my wife came up with a challenging idea of not using electricity and we set is as our first goal. Here is our exciting experience of last year.

The summer heat has begun and we really miss our air conditioner. We had to find another way to cool our home because we decided to cut off the electricity to reduce our energy use. We tried keeping the windows open, but our apartment was soon filled with hungry mosquitoes. Luckily, one of our neighbor came to our rescue and let us use her old window screens. Being part of a community certainly makes low-impact living easier.

Originally, we thought that not having lights would be the hardest part of living without electricity. But we found that we actually enjoyed doing things by candlelight. Not having a refrigerator, however, was a real problem. All of our milk and vegetables kept going bad in just a day or two. We thought we had found the solution when we read about the "pot in a pot" device. It's a small pot placed inside a larger one, with a layer of wet sand between them. Apparently, people use these to store food in parts of Africa.

Unfortunately, the "pot in a pot" didn't keep our milk from spoiling.

Title : Reducing impact on the environment
Goal	to live without (A)
Actions	1. not using an air conditioner when we (B) 2. using candles instead of electric (C) 3. using a “pot in a pot” device instead of a (D)

Answer :

(A) ________________________________________ (1.0점)

(B) ________________________________________ (1.0점)

(C) ________________________________________ (1.0점)

(D) ________________________________________ (1.0점)

[서술형] 다음 글의 내용을 두 문장으로 요약하고자 한다. 빈칸에 들어갈 알맞은 표현을 글에서 찾아 쓰시오.

(A) well (B) paternalistic

(C) informative (D) decide

[2 과]

<조건>

- 빈칸에 각각 한 단어씩 쓸 것

- 본문에 있는 단어를 찾아 쓸 것

- 필요시 어형을 변화 시킬 것

In the past, the relationship between the doctors and patients was mostly paternalistic. In other words, doctors acted in a “father knows best” fashion. In this type of relationship, the doctor told what needed to be done, and the patient followed it without asking a lot of questions. This style of medicine allowed only for oneway communication.

The other style of medical practice can be described as informative. As the paternalistic style slowly goes out of favor with the general public, the informative style is gradually taking hold as the more common type of doctorpatient relationship. The doctor’s task in this case is not to tell what to do but to educate the patient about various treatment options. Ultimately, the doctor allows his patients to reach an informed decision about their own health conditions.

Doctors were once considered to know absolutely      (A)     than patients and used to tell what patients should do, which is called as the    (B)     style. Now, however, doctors plan a(an)    (C)     role and help patients to    (D)     on their own treatment options about their health conditions.

Answer :

(A) ________________________________________ (1.0점)

(B) ________________________________________ (1.0점)

(C) ________________________________________ (1.0점)

(D) ________________________________________ (1.0점)

[서술형]아래 글에서 밑줄 친 ⓐ~ⓔ 중 어법상 옳지 않은 것을 두 개 골라 기호를 쓰고, 바르게 고쳐 쓰시오.

ⓑ that we can't buy anything

ⓒ where my wife and I often go

[2 과]

<조건>

- 답안 작성 시 틀린 부분의 기호를 반드시 쓸 것

- 틀린 부분을 바르게 고쳐 밑줄 친 부분 전체를    적을 것

Our priority today was ⓐ to find ways to stop creating trash. We quickly realized ⓑ what we can't buy anything that comes in a package. We can't even order a coffee to go in a parer cup. The experiment has barely begun, and already I'm wondering if it's impossible.

There's a cafe around the corner ⓒ where my wife and I often go to. I explained our experiment to the woman behind the counter. She was very supportive and said we could bring our own bottles rather than using the cafe's paper cups. Then ⓓ it occurred to me that most of the fruit at the cafe was grown in tropical countries. In order to drink my pineapple juice, the fruit had to be flown hundreds of kilometers in an airplane. Airplanes, of course, use fossil fuel. To solve this problem, I made my own food rule: I would buy only ⓔ locally grown food.

1. 틀린 부분 : _______

→ 고친 표현: ______________________________________

2. 틀린 부분: _______

→ 고친 표현: ______________________________________

르면

① Alice에 관한 소문을 낸 것

② 수학시험에서 친구의 부정행위를 적발한 것

③ 신발구입 비용을 얻기 위해 어머니께 거짓말을

한 것

④ 주인공이 퍼트린 소문으로 Alice가 힘든 시기를

보낸 것

⑤ 친구들이 자신에 대해 나쁜 말을 쓸까봐 걱정하

는 것

다음 글에 나타난 필자의 심경으로 가장 적절한 것은?

1

[2 과]

Most of these things have worked out smoothly. My wife now says that her daily walk is the best part of her day. As a busy working mother, she values having some time alone. Not having a TV has really strengthened our relationships. My wife and I talk more often, and both of us are spending more quality time with our son.

Even our health has improved. Before we started this experiment, both of us were slightly overweight. By always using the stairs and walking everywhere, we've gotten into shape without ever setting foot in a gym.

① relieved      ② terrified      ③ envious

④ sorrowful     ⑤ disappointed

글의 흐름으로 보아 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장 적절한 곳은?

4

[2 과]

We thought we had found the solution when we read about the "pot in a pot" device.

Originally, we thought that not having lights would be the hardest part of living without electricity. ➀But we found that we actually enjoyed doing things by candlelight. ➁ Not having a refrigerator, however, was a real problem. ➂ All of our milk and vegetables kept going bad in just a day or two. ➃ It's a small pot placed inside a larger one, with a layer of wet sand between them. ➄ Apparently, people use these to store food in parts of Africa.

①       ②       ③       ④       ⑤

다음 글의 밑줄 친 ⓐ~ⓔ 중 어법상 맞는 것은?

5

[2 과]

There's a cafe around the corner ⓐ which my wife and I often go to get fresh juice. I explained our experiment to the woman behind the counter. She was very supportive and said we could bring our own bottles rather than using the cafe's paper cups. Then it occurred to me ⓑ what most of the fruit at the cafe was ⓒ had grown in tropical countries. In order to drink my pineapple juice, the fruit ⓓ had to be glowed hundreds of kilometers in an airplane.  Airplanes, of course, use fossil fuel. To solve this problem, I made my own food rule: I would buy only ⓔ locally grown food.

① ⓐ     ② ⓑ     ③ ⓒ    ④ ⓓ     ⑤ ⓔ

다음 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은?

5

[2 과]

Welcome to my blog! My name is Christopher, and I live in Chicago with my wife and our two-year-old son. For one year, we're going to attempt to stop having a negative impact on the environment. This might not seem difficult in the countryside, but it's a real challenge when you live in the middle of a big city!  Our first step will be figuring out the best ways to stop creating trash. After that, we're going to take a close look at the food we buy. Finally, we'll look for sustainable ways to reduce energy use.

I know it won't be easy, but I feel that this is a very important issue. I'm not an expert and I don't expect to be a role model. I just hope other people can learn from our mistakes and find their own ways to live more environmentally friendly lives!

① Ways of Treating Trash

② The Importance of Challenging

③ Welcoming to His Blog's Friends

④ The Benefit of Living in the Countryside

⑤ Having a Positive Impact on the Environment

다음 글의 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?

2

[2 과]

The summer heat has begun and we really miss our air conditioner. We had to find another way to cool our home because we decided to cut off the electricity to reduce our energy use. We tried keeping the windows open, but our apartment was soon filled with hungry mosquitoes. Luckily, one of our neighbors came to our rescue and let us use her old window screens. Being part of a community certainly makes _____________ easier.

① reducing energy     ② less-influence life

③ ventilating           ④ energy overuse

⑤ the assistance given to the poor

[서술형] 다음 글의 밑줄 친 (A)의 우리말 뜻에 맞게 주어진 단어를 모두 사용하여  문장을 완성하시오.

you help yourself just as much as you help the world.

[2 과]

What did we learn from our experiment? We now know that it's possible to live a calm and peaceful life in the middle of the city.  All you have to do is stop rushing around, eating junk food, and watching TV. Our family now spends more time together, and we're all happier because of it. We've even become close friends with some neighbors we hardly knew before. It's clear that by reducing your impact on the environment, (A) 당신이 세상을 돕는 만큼이나 당신 스스로에게도 도움이 된다는 것입니다.

yourself / just as much as / you / help / you / the world / help

→ ___________________________________________________

___________________________________________________

다음 글의 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?

4

[4 과]

When building the first airplanes, designers studied birds and how their wings soared in the wind. The inspiration for hook-and-loop clothing fasteners came from the hooks on burrs, the seeds of a special plant. They have tiny hooks on the outside so that they stick to clothes or fur. The idea of looking to nature for design ideas isn't new. In fact, many inventions have been derived from nature. Now, there is even a new approach called biomimicry, which specifically focuses on copying things found in nature to_____________.    Here are four examples of how nature inspired inventions that are already changing society.

① get rid of people who destroy nature

② solve problems of the mother nature itself

③ mimic funny stuffs for developing new humors

④ address troubles for a great advance of human kind

⑤ imitate airplanes in order to improve flights for humans

다음 글의 내용과 일치하지 않는 것은?

3

[4 과]

Bullet trains in Japan can move people from city to city at speeds of almost 300 kilometers per hour. Building vehicles that move this quickly took a lot of thought. Some of the original models of the bullet train did not run as smoothly. When the high-speed trains went from the wide open outdoors into a narrow tunnel, they created a very loud sound.

Engineer Eiji Nakatsu looked to the natural world to find a solution to this problem. He discovered that there is a bird, called a kingfisher, that has the ability to manage sudden changes in air resistance. It must do this when it dives from the air into water at high speeds to catch fish. He studied the shape of a kingfisher's beak and designed the nose of the bullet train to have a similar build. This turned out to successfully reduce noise and electricity usage. Therefore, thanks to the kingfisher, bullet trains are now able to easily, smoothly, and quietly travel through tunnels.

① Eiji Nakatsu는 자연에서 문제의 해결법을 찾으려 노력했으며, 그 해결책을 찾아 문제를 해결했다.

② 빠르게 움직이는 탈 것을 개발하기 위해선 많은 생각을 필요로 했다.

③ 일본의 고속 열차(bullet train)는 거의 초속 300킬로미터의 속도로 도시와 도시 사이를 이동한다.

④ 물총새(kingfisher)의 부리를 연구하고 모방하는 것으로 문제를 해결했다.

⑤ 해결책은 소음과 전기 사용량을 성공적으로 줄이게 되었다.

다음 글의 밑줄 친 ⓐ~ⓔ중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하지 않은 것은?

3

[4 과]

Engineering professor Anthony Brennan believes that he has found ⓐ a key. He made his discovery by studying something that spends all of its time in the sea: sharks. He noticed that the tiny pattern of a shark's skin ⓑ prevents fouling from sticking to its body. Using this knowledge, he created a ⓒ matter that copies the pattern of a shark's skin. He found that 85 percent less fouling collects on surfaces covered with this material than on smooth surfaces. The ⓓ advantages don't stop there! He discovered that bacteria don't stick to this material, either. Therefore, it can also be used on ⓔ indefinite surfaces in hospitals, such as bed rails and tray tables, to help prevent the spread of illnesses.

① ⓐ     ② ⓑ     ③ ⓒ    ④ ⓓ     ⑤ ⓔ

[서술형] 다음 글에 밑줄 친 (A)~(H) 중 어법상 틀린 것을 모두 찾아 바르게 고치시오,(틀린 부분이 없는 문장은 X 표시)

(B) efficiently ⇒ efficient

(C) was built ⇒ were built

(H) faced ⇒ facing

[4 과]

When (A) having been asked to build low-cost public housing, a team of Slovenian designers turned to nature for inspiration. Bees are some of nature's best builders. Therefore, the designers decided to use the honeycomb shape of beehives for the cheap and (B) efficiently housing construction.

Using this, the Slovenian designers created welcoming, brightly colored structures with eco-friendly balconies. The balconies copying the honeycomb shape (C) was built with a covering outside  and small holes in their walls. The covering protects the apartments from the summer sun, and the holes let the heat inside escape. In turn, it provides additional heating to the apartments in winter by (D) keeping warm air inside. This helps regulate the temperature in the apartments all year round. In addition, the covered balconies' smart design (E) provides privacy from neighbors. Everyone can privately enjoy the sweet comfort of their honeycomb homes!

In a modern world that often (F) values technology over nature, it's interesting that some of the most creative design ideas (G) were taken from the natural world. Biomimicry is a major change in thinking; it's based on the idea that nature is not just a resource, but also a model and mentor. This may be the key to solving more challenges (H) faced today's world.

(A) having been asked → ________________________

(B) efficiently → ___________________________________

(C) was built → ___________________________________

(D) keeping warm → _____________________________

(E) provides → ____________________________________

(F) values → _______________________________________

(G) were taken → _________________________________

(H) faced→ _________________________________________

다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?

2

[4 과]

ⓐ To keep ships clean is not an easy task. The more time a ship spends at sea, the more the bottom of it becomes covered with a thick and wet growth called fouling. ⓑ Not only do it cost a lot of money to clean fouling off, but the chemicals that ⓒ are used to remove it can be harmful to the environment. ⓓ That's why scientists have been looking for better ways ⓔ to deal with the problem

① ⓐ     ② ⓑ     ③ ⓒ    ④ ⓓ     ⑤ ⓔ

다음 글의 밑줄 친 (A), (B), (C)에서 문맥에 맞는 낱말로 가장 적절한 것은?

5

[4 과]

As you know, there is not much water in a desert. Many plants and animals, which cannot survive without water, have had to creatively (A) [adopt / adapt] to living in such dry areas. The Namibian beetle is one example of such a creature. It lives in the Namib Desert of Africa - one of the driest deserts in the world. To get the drinking water it needs, the Namibian beetle has developed an amazing system of collecting water from fog. The top of the beetle's shell is covered with bumps that (B) [ repel/ draw ] drops of water from the morning fog, which then roll down the wax-covered sides and straight into its mouth.

Inspired by this creative method of water collection, scientists have developed a type of surface that copies the features of the beetle's back. This surface could help (C) [furnish / eliminate] poor people living in dry regions with clean drinking water. It may also provide an environmentally friendly water source for cities, by collecting water on the roofs of buildings.

(A)            (B)             (C)

① adopt          repel           furnish

② adopt          repel           eliminate

③ adopt          draw           furnish

④ adapt          repel           eliminate

⑤ adapt          draw           furnish

다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.

1

[4 과]

Some of the original models of the bullet train did not run as smoothly. When the high-speed trains went from the wide open outdoors into a narrow tunnel, they created a very loud sound. Engineer Eiji Nakatsu looked to the natural world to find a solution to this problem. He discovered that there is a bird, called a kingfisher, that has the ability to manage sudden changes in air _____________. It must do this when it dives from the air into water at high speeds to catch fish. He studied the shape of a kingfisher’s beak and designed the nose of the bullet train to have a similar build. This turned out to successfully reduce noise and electricity usage. Therefore, thanks to the kingfisher, bullet trains are now able to easily, smoothly, and quietly travel through tunnels.

① resistance	② density	③ attack

④ pollution	⑤ traffic

다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오

2

[4 과]

When asked to build low-cost public housing, a team of Slovenian designers turned to nature for inspiration. Bees are some of nature’s best builders. Therefore, the designers decided to use the honeycomb shape of beehives for the cheap and efficient housing construction. Using this, the Slovenian designers created welcoming, brightly colored structures with eco-friendly balconies. The balconies copying the honeycomb shape were built with a covering outside and small holes in their walls. In a modern world that often values technology over nature, it’s interesting that some of the most creative design ideas were taken from the natural world. Biomimicry is a major change in thinking; it’s based on the idea that nature is not just a resource, but also a model and mentor. This may be the key to ______________________________________.

① the ongoing integration of all humanity

② solving more challenges facing today’s world

③ the issues surrounding the process of secularization

④ a direct result of the challenge scientifici rationalism

⑤ grouping these major issues into different categories

다음 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.

1

[5 과]

There’s a saying that goes “What’s good for the heart is good for the head.” This means that keeping our brain healthy is connected to good circulation. The brain is critically dependent upon blood flow. It actually requires about 25% of all the blood that’s pumped by the heart. When you exercise, your heart beats faster, increasing the amount of blood that flows to your brain. This blood carries oxygen and other important nutrients that your brain needs to function well. If your brain’s oxygen level drops too low, you’ll have trouble remembering things you learned in the past. You will also have trouble concentrating on the new things you are learning. Therefore, by exercising regularly, you can improve your memory and do better in school.

① Exercise Keeps Your Brain Healthy

② Want to Become a Reliable Athlete?

③ Strategies for High-Speed Circulation

④ Fitness for a Healthy Heart: Get Helpful Tips

⑤ Exercise Intensity: A Reason for Measuring It

[서술형] 어법상 틀린 부분을 두 군데 찾아 고쳐 쓰시오.

① make the brain run faster and more efficiently

⑤ can effectively improve brain function

because they

[5 과]

Scientific research has found that exercise can cause nerve cells to form thick, interconnected webs that ① make the brain to run faster and more efficiently. It has also shown that moderate regular exercise can stimulate the growth of new cells in a part of the brain called the hippocampus. ② This is one of the sections of your brain that is responsible for memory. According to one study, the number of brain cells in this part increased ③ by about 30% in people who exercised on a regular basis. The study also showed that their memory improved as well. So ④ what kind of exercise is good for our brain? You don’t necessarily need to lift weights or run on a treadmill until you’re covered in sweat. Simple activities ⑤ can effectively improve brain function because of they activate nerves that help your brain wake up. Here are two of the easiest ways to exercise for your brain.

1. 틀린 부분 : _______

→ 고친 표현: ______________________________________

2. 틀린 부분: _______

→ 고친 표현: ______________________________________

※ 다음을 읽고 물음에 답하시오.[22~23]

Student A: My attention goes to the men in              the sky. ① They make it look like             a dream.

Teacher: That's what most people notice first.           Some people view ② them as falling           to the ground like rain, while others           imagine them floating. Since Magritte           didn't include any sign of movement,           he left it to the viewer to decide.             Either way, what makes the painting           surreal is that men cannot be in the          sky against gravity like this. However,          ③ these aren't real men. ④ They are          only the images of men, so Magritte          wanted to show that images don't            have to follow any rules of the real           world.

Student C: It also seems unrealistic that all                the men look the same. They are              all dressed in dark overcoats and              hats. Why did Magritte paint                  them all like that?

Teacher: Some people believe Magritte did             this to show how people in modern           society are losing ⑤ their                     individuality. He believed people like           businessmen and bankers were                getting lost in the crowds of people           all (A) living the same kind of life. In           this and other works, Rene Magritte           tried to make fun of this kind of              society.

위 글의 ①-⑤ 중 지칭하는 대상이 다른 하나는?

5

[6 과]

①       ②       ③       ④       ⑤

위 글에서 밑줄 친 (A) living과 같은 역할을 하는 것은?

1

[6 과]

① There is a lamp lighting up the sidewalk.

② He stood behind his father, almost hiding.

③ The minerals are vulnerable to weathering.

④ He brought his son to the factory, hoping to get him a job.

⑤ Surrealists painted their dreams and imaginations, instead of simply painting images from the real world.

※ 다음 글을 읽고 물음에 답하시오. [24~26]

(가) "Sur" means "over or beyond" in French, so surrealism means "beyond reality." Like its name, surrealist artists (A) take/ to/ their/ from/ present/ surrealism artists/ tried/ ideas/ dreams and imaginations (초현실주의 화가들은 그들의 꿈과 상상으로부터 가져온 아이디어들을 표현하고자 했다) instead of simply painting images from the real world. Rene Magritte was one of the most famous and influential artists of (B)this movement and inspired the works of many other artists. Let's take a look at three of his most popular works.

(나) Do you know what the French writing below the pipe means? In fact, it's probably the most important part of the painting. It says, "This is not a pipe." It is what makes this painting surreal. When people first saw the painting and questioned (C)this statement, Magritte would tell them that if it were a pipe, they should try to fill it with tobacco. Of course this is impossible because it is only an image of a pipe, not a real pipe. Although we had agreed to call the object a ‘pipe,’ it could have been called an “apple” just as easily. The pipe in the painting is not the same pipe a person uses to smoke. It’s merely an image of it.

위 글의 내용과 일치하는 것은?

4

[6 과]

① Surrealist artists painted the real world.

② Magritte left only three popular works.

③ We had agreed to call a pipe an apple.

④ What makes the painting surreal is the statement.

⑤ Magritte painted the pipe that people use so smoke.

[서술형] 위 글의 밑줄 친 (A)를 괄호 안의 우리말에 맞게 주어진 단어의 어순을 맞추어 문장을 완성하시오. (필요시 어형 변화 가능)

surrealist artists tried to present ideas taken from their dreams and imaginations

[6 과]

→ ___________________________________________________

___________________________________________________

[서술형] (B)와 (C)가 가리키는 것을 각각 본문에서 찾아 쓰시오.

surrealism, This is not a pipe.

[6 과]

(B) this movement: ______________________

(C) this statement: _______________________

※ 다음을 읽고 물음에 답하시오. [27~29]

Title1: Exercise Keeps Your Brain Healthy

There's a saying that goes "What's good for the heart is good for the head." This means that keeping our brain healthy is connected to good circulation. The brain is critically ① dependent upon blood flow. It actually requires about 25% of all the blood that is pumped by the heart. When you exercise, your heart beats faster, ② decreasing the amount of blood that flows to your brain. This blood carries oxygen and other important nutrients that your brain needs to function well. If your brain's oxygen level drops too low, (A) 당신은 당신이 배웠던 것을 기억하는데 어려움을 겪게 될 것이다 in the past. Therefore, by exercising regularly, you can improve your memory and do better in school.

Title2: (B) _______________________________________

Scientific research has found that exercise can cause nerve cells to ③ form thick, interconnected webs that make the brain run faster and more efficiently. It has also shown that moderate regular exercise can stimulate the ④ growth of new cells in a part of the brain called the hippocampus. This is one of the sections of your brain that is responsible for memory. According to one study, the number of brain cells in this part increased by about 30% in people who exercised on a regular basis. The study also showed that their memory ⑤ improved as well.

위 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하지 않은 것은?

2

[5 과]

①       ②       ③       ④       ⑤

위 글의 빈칸 Title 2: (B)에 들어갈 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은?

1

[5 과]

① How Exercise Benefits Your Brain

② where People Can Exercise Easily

③ What Makes Brain Cells Weak

④ How New Brain Cells Grow

⑤ Why Hippocampus Matter

[서술형] 위 글의 (A)에 주어진 의미가 되도록 다음에 주어진 단어의 어순을 배열하시오.

you'll have trouble remembering things you learned

[5 과]

have/ remembering/ you/ will/ learned/  trouble/ things/ you

→ ___________________________________________________

___________________________________________________

[서술형] 밑줄 친 (A)-(E) 중 문법적으로 틀린 것을 하나 찾아 바르게 고치시오.

(C) easily ⇨ easy / easier

[5 과]

Exercising doesn't have to (A) take time away from (B) studying. If you have a jump rope, you can repeat vocabulary words with each jump. The rhythm and movement will actually make it (C) easily to remember them later. If you don't have a jump rope, then play catch with a friend. The two of you can ask and answer questions with each throws of the ball. By (D) adding these body movements to learning activities, you change your state of mind and allow your attention to (E) be refreshed.

1. 틀린 부분 : _______

→ 고친 표현: ______________________________________

밑줄 친 표현과 의미가 다른 것은?

5

[4 과]

Had it not been for G.H. Hardy, his genius might never been recognized.

① If G. H. Hardy had not helped

② Unless Hardy had helped

③ Without G.H. Hardy

④ But for G.H. Hardy

⑤ If it had been for G. H. Hardy

※ 다음을 읽고 물음에 답하시오. [32~33]

The summer heat has begun and we really miss our air conditioner. We had to find another way to cool our home because we decided to cut off the electricity to reduce our energy use. We tried keeping the windows open, but our apartment was soon filled with hungry mosquitoes. (    A    ), one of our neighbors came to our rescue and let us use her old window screens. Being part of a community certainly makes low-impact living easier.

(    B    ), we thought that not having lights would be the hardest part of living without electricity. But we found that we actually enjoyed doing things by candlelight. Not having a refrigerator, however, was a real problem. All of our milk and vegetables kept going bad in just a day or two.

★ We thought we had found the solution when we read about the "pot in a pot" device. It's a small pot placed inside a larger one, with a layer of wet sand between them. Apparently, people use these to store food in parts of Africa. (   C   ), the "pot in a pot" didn't keep our milk from spoiling. In just a couple of days, our fresh milk turned into smelly cheese.

윗글 빈칸 (A~(C)에 들어갈 말로 바르게 짝지어진 것은?

5

[2 과]

(A)          (B)            (C)

① Similarly       For example    Likewise

② Luckily        Therefore       Otherwise

③ Alternatively   Originally       Instead

④ Accordingly    Nevertheless    As a result

⑤ Fortunately    At first         However

위 글의 밑줄 친 ★ 부분에 드러난 글쓴이의 심경 변화로 가장 적절한 것은?

4

[2 과]

① desperate    →  flattered

② excited       →  amazed

③ indifferent    →  regretful

④ hopeful      →  disappointed

⑤ frightened   →  gloomy

※ 다음 글을 읽고 물음에 답하시오. [34~35]

When we first started this experiment, we had lots of arguments about simple tasks that had suddenly become difficult. For example, who would take our son to his day care center each morning? Before, this had just required spending a few minutes in a taxi. Now it meant an extra 20 minutes on foot before making the long walk to work.

Most of these things have worked out smoothly. My wife now says that her daily walk is the best part of her day. As a busy working mother, she values having some time alone. (A) TV를 가지고 있지 않는 것은 우리의 관계를 강화시켜 왔다. My wife and I talk more often, and both of us are spending more quality time with our son.

Even our health has improved. Before we started this experiment, both of us were slightly overweight. By always using the stairs and walking everywhere, we’ve gotten into shape without ever setting foot in a gym.

위 글을 읽고 추론한 것으로 올바른 것은?

3

[2 과]

① Before the experiment, they took their son to the day care center on foot.

② It takes about 20 minutes to go to the son’s care center by taxi.

③ His wife seems to be satisfied with her daily walk.

④ Because of the experiment, family relationship has been getting worse.

⑤ They have started going to the gym for good health.

[서술형] 위 글의 밑줄 친 (A)의 뜻이 되도록 주어진 단어를 모두 사용하고 필요하다면 단어를 변형하여 변형 완성된 문장을 서술하시오.

Not having a TV has strengthened our relationships

[2 과]

strengthen / a TV / have / has / our relationships / not

→ ___________________________________________________

___________________________________________________

※ 다음 글을 읽고 물음에 답하시오. [36~37]

When building the first airplanes, designers studied birds and how their wings soared in the wind. The inspiration for hook-and-loop clothing fasteners came from the hooks on burrs, the seeds of a special plant. They have tiny hooks on the outside so that they stick to clothes or fur. The idea of looking to nature for design ideas isn't new. In fact, (A) 많은 발명품들이 자연으로부터 유래되어 왔다. Now, there is even a new approach called biomimicry, which specifically focuses on copying things found in nature to solve human problems. Here are four examples of how nature inspired inventions that are already changing society.

위 글의 주제로 가장 적절한 것은?

3

[4 과]

① Origins of Inventions

② How Was the First Airplane Invented?

③ What Is Biomimicry?

④ Examples of Good Inventions

⑤ Great Inventions That Are Changing Society

[서술형] 위 글의 밑줄 친 (A)의 의미가 되도록 주어진 단어를 모두 사용하고 추가하여 문장을 완성하시오.

Many inventions have been derived from nature.

[4 과]

invention / derive

→ ___________________________________________________

___________________________________________________

[서술형] 다음을 읽고, 주어진 의미를 갖는 단어를 찾아 쓰시오.

bumps

[4 과]

The Namibian beetle is one example of such a creature. It lives in the Namib Desert of Africa - one of the driest deserts in the world. To get the drinking water it needs, the Namibian beetle has developed an amazing system of collecting water from fog. The top of the beetle's shell is covered with bumps that attract drops of water from the morning fog, which then roll down the wax-covered sides and straight into its mouth.

- a lifted or raised of an otherwise flat surface

- to hit or knock against something

→ ___________________________________________________

[서술형] 밑줄 친 (A)의 의미가 되도록 주어진 단어만을 모두 사용하여 문장을 서술하시오.

Not only does it cost a lot of money to clear off fouling

[4 과]

(A) 부착물을 깨끗이 떼어 내는 데 큰 비용이 들뿐만 아니라, but the chemicals that are used to remove it can be harmful to the environment.

fouling/ a lot of/  only/ it/  does/  cost/  money/ to clean off/ not/

→ ___________________________________________________

___________________________________________________

Which of the following is not true according to the paragraph?

4

[2 과]

When my wife and I first started this 'Reducing Our Impact' experiment, we had lots of arguments about simple tasks that had suddenly become difficult. For example, who would take our son to his day care center each morning? Before, this had just required spending a few minutes in a taxi. Now it meant an extra 20 minutes on foot before making the long walk to work. Most of these things have worked out smoothly. My wife now says that her daily walk is the best part of her day. As a busy working mother, she values having some time alone. Not having a TV has really strengthened our relationships.

① Who takes their son to his day care center had become an issue.

② After the experiment, to take their son to his day care center meant an extra 20 minutes on foot.

③ The wife now says that her daily walk is the most joyful part of her day.

④ Having some time alone is undervalued because she is busy working mother.

⑤ Not having a TV helped them make a strong relationship.

다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중 어법상 또는 의미상 틀린 것은?

2

[5 과]

During the day, whenever you have some free time, take a walk. Walking is a particularly good way to keep your brain healthy because it increases blood circulation and ① the amount of oxygen that reaches your brain. That's because your leg muscles ② will take up extra oxygen like they would during other forms 0f exercise. Therefore, as you walk, your blood is effectively supplied to your brain. Maybe this is ③ why walking can clear your head, helping you think better. Exercising doesn't have to take time away from studying. If you have a jump rope, you can repeat vocabulary words with each jump. The rhythm and movement will actually make it easier to remember them later. If you don't have a jump rope, then play catch with a friend. The two of you can ask and ④ answer questions with each throw of the ball. By adding these body movements to learning activities, you change your state of mind and ⑤ allow your attention to be refreshed.

①       ②       ③       ④       ⑤

다음 글의 (A), (B)에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?

1

[4 과]

Scientific research has found that exercise can cause nerve cells to form thick, interconnected webs that make the brain run faster and more efficiently. It has also shown that   (A)   regular exercise can stimulate the growth of new cells in a part of the brain called the hippocampus. This is one of the sections of your brain that is responsible for memory. According to one study, the number of brain cells in this part increased by about 30% in people who exercised on a regular basis. The study also showed that their memory improved as well. So what kind of exercise is good for our brain? You don't necessarily need to lift weights or run on a treadmill until you're covered in sweat. Simple activities can effectively improve brain function because they   (B)   nerves that help your brain wake up. Here are two of the easiest ways to exercise for your brain.

① moderate ― activate

② moderate ― disrupt

③ excessive ― stimulate

④ excessive ― activate

⑤ modern  ― interrupt

[서술형] 다음 글의 빈칸을 네모안의 단어들을 모두 이용하여 10단어 이하로 완성하시오. (단어 추가 가능, 변형불가)

feel successful and improve both your body and your brain

[5 과]

So how much exercise do you get each day? A little? A lot? None at all? Whatever your answer is, you probably want to do better. However, you don't need to start exercising suddenly for several hours each day. Just set small goals that you can easily achieve. This way, you will _____________________. How about starting with the goal of exercising at least 10 minutes a day? If you find that even this is a hard goal to keep, try this: Every time you get up to do something during the day, take just 10 seconds to bend over and touch your toes. It takes just a little time, yet it delivers a rush of oxygen to your brain. What could be easier than that?

body, successful, improve, feel, brain, your, both

→ ___________________________________________________

___________________________________________________

Golconde그림에 대한 아래 글의 내용과 일치 하지 않는 것은?

1

[6 과]

Teacher: The last painting we're going to look           at is more clearly surreal and                 complicated. It's called Golconda and           Magritte completed it in 1953. What          is the first thing you notice when you          look at this painting? My attention            goes to the men in the sky. They             make it look like a dream. That's              what most people notice first. Some           people view them as falling to the            ground like rain, while others imagine          them floating. Since Magritte didn't            include any sign of movement, he left          it to the viewer to decide. Either way,          what makes the painting surreal is            that men cannot be in the sky                against gravity like this. However,              these aren't real men. They are only           the images of men, so Magritte               wanted to show that images don't            have to follow any rules of the real           world.

Student C: It also seems unrealistic that all                the men look the same. They are              all dressed in dark overcoats and              hats. Why did Magritte paint                  them all like that?

Teacher: Some people believe Magritte did             this to show how people in modern           society are losing their individuality.           He believed people like businessmen           and bankers were getting lost in the           crowds of people all living the same           kind of life. In this and other works,           Rene Magritte tried to make fun of           this kind of society.

① 작가는 개성을 지키며 사는 사회를 조롱하고 싶었다.

② 어떤 사람들은 그림 속 남자들이 비처럼 떨어진다고 믿는다.

③ 어떤 사람들은 그림 속 남자들이 공중에 떠 있다고 여긴다.

④ 대부분 사람들이 처음 알아차리는 것은 하늘에 있는 남자들이다.

⑤ 작가는 그림 속 이미지가 현실 세상의 법칙을 따를 필요가 없다고 생각한다.

다음 밑줄 친 부분 중 어법상 틀린 것을 고르시오.

3

[6 과]

Teacher: Let's take a look at three of Rene             Magritte'smost popular works. The             first painting we're going to look at           ① is called The Empire of Lights.             What do you see in it?

Student A: It's nighttime. There is a dark                   house with trees around it. The               lights are on inside the house                and there is a lamp lighting up               the sidewalk.

Teacher: Is it? Look at the sky. What does it            look like?

Student A: Oh, it is daytime! There is a                    beautiful blue sky with pretty                 white clouds. But it is impossible               In real life ② to have night and               day at the same time.

Teacher: Exactly. That's what makes this                  painting surreal. Many people do              not see this paradox the first time            they look at this painting because             both parts of it are so ③ realistic             painted. This painting makes us               think about what we see and                 whether it is real or just an image            from a dream. This is ④ what                makes Rene Magritte's paintings so            interesting. In this way, Magritte               challenged our tendency to accept            our everyday experiences as true              and clear. Magritte's work The                Treachery of Images, which he                painted between 1928 and 1929, ⑤            focuses exactly on this idea. It is              one of his most well-known works.            What do you think of it?

①       ②       ③       ④       ⑤

※ 다음 글을 읽고 물음에 답하시오.

Teacher: Magritte's work, The Treachery of               Images, is one of his most                    well-known works. Do you know              what (A) the French writing below             the pipe means?

Student B: No, I don't speak French. Is it                  important?

Teacher: Yes. In fact, it's probably the most             important part of the painting. It              says, "This is not a pipe." It is what           makes this painting surreal. When             people first saw the painting and             questioned this statement, Magritte            would tell them that if it were a              pipe, they should try to fill it with            tobacco. Of course this is impossible           because it is only an image of a              pipe, not a real pipe.

Student C: I see. I guess he wanted people to             think about the relationships                  between images and objects.

Teacher: Exactly. (B) These relationships aren't           as strong as we may think. The               relationships between words and              objects aren't strong, either.

[서술형] When people questioned the underlined (A), what would Magritte tell them? Find out the answer from the text above and write it down in one sentence by using 13 words.

If it were a pipe, they should try to fill it with tobacco

→ ___________________________________________________

___________________________________________________

[서술형] 위 글의 밑줄 친 (B)가 가리키는 것을 위 지문에서 찾아 6단어로 쓰시오.

The relationships between images and objects

→ ___________________________________________________

___________________________________________________

다음 글의 빈칸 (가)와 (나)에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?

2

[6 과]

Good morning, everyone. Today we're going to talk about René Magritte, a Belgian surrealist painter. Ge was born in 1898 and died in 1967. Surrealism was started in France in the first half of the twentieth century. "Sur" means "over or beyond" in French, so surrealism menas "beyond reality." Like its name, surrealist artists tried to present ideas taken from their    (가)     and    (나)   , instead of simply painting images from the real world. René Magritte was one of the most famous and influential artists of this movement and inspired the works of many other artists.

(가)                  (나)

①   images           -     dreams

②   dreams           -   imaginations

③   images           -   points of view

④   points of view    -   imaginations

⑤   dreams           -   points of view

다음 글의 밑줄 친 this paradox가 의미하는 바로 가장 적절한 것은?

3

[6 과]

Teacher: Let's take a look at three of his most           popular works. The first painting              we're going to look at is called The           Empire of Lights. What do you see            in it?

Student: It's nighttime. There is a dark house           with trees around it. The lights are            on inside the house and there is a            lamp lighting up the sidewalk.

Teacher: Is it? Look at the sky. What does it            look like?

Student: Oh, it is daytime! There is a beautiful           blue sky with night and day at the            same time.

Teacher: Exactly. That's what makes this                  painting surreal. Many people do          not see this paradox the first time            they look at this painting because both        parts of it are so realistically painted.          This painting makes us think about            what we see and whether it is real or         just an image from a dream.

① the reason the house looks different at night and day.

② the fact that the sky and trees are depicted unrealistically

③ the fact that night and day cannot exist together in the real world.

④ the fact that it is strange to light up the sidewalk during the daytime.

⑤ the reason there are night and day at the same time in the painting.

다음 글의 밑줄 친 ㉠~㉤  문맥상 적절하지 않은 것은?

1

[6 과]

Through his works of art and these kinds of ideas behind them, René Magritte had a great influence not only on the art of other artists, but also on graphic design, movies, magazines, and even TV commercials. He ㉠showed the ㉡ common views of what's real and unreal by presenting regular things in an ㉢ unusual way. He wanted people to question what they see and think about art and the world around them from ㉣ different points of view. Therefore, there is no ㉤ single correct way to interpret his paintings. It's up to you to decide what you see.

① ㉠    ② ㉡     ③ ㉢     ④ ㉣     ⑤ ㉤

※ 다음 글을 읽고 질문에 답하시오.[51~52]

Teacher: The last painting we're going to look          at is more clearly surreal and                 complicated. It's called Golgonda and          Magritte completed it in 1953.

What is the first thing you notice             when you look at this painting?

Student A: My attention goes to the men in               the sky. They make it ㉠ look like              a dream.

Teacher: That's ㉡ why most people notice              first. Some people view them as              falling to the ground like rain, while           others imagine them floating. Since            Magritte didn't include any sign of            movement, he left it to the viewer            ㉢ to decide. Either way, what makes           the painting surreal is that men               cannot be in the sky against gravity           like this. However, these aren't real            men. They are only the images of             men, so Magritte wanted to show             that images don't have to follow any           rules of the real world.

Student B: It also seems unrealistic that all                the men look the same. They are              all dressed in dark overcoats and              hats. Why did Magritte paint                  them all like that?

Teacher: Some people believe Magritte did             this to show ㉣ how people in                modern society are losing their                individuality. He believed people like           businessmen and bankers were                getting lost in the crowds of people           all ㉤ living the same kind of life. In           this and other works, René Magritte           tried to make fun of this kind of              society.

위 글의 내용과 일치하지 않는 것은?

3

[6 과]

① Golgonda is surreal and not easy to understand.

② The men in the sky in the painting are easily noticeable.

③ People in the painting can be seen as either falling or rising.

④ Gravity does not seem to work on people in the painting.

⑤ Identical men look unrealistic and show a society where people lose their humanity.

위 글의 밑줄 친 ㉠~㉤중 어법상 적절하지 않은 것은?

4

[6 과]

① ㉠     ② ㉡     ③ ㉢     ④ ㉣     ⑤ ㉤

[서술형] 다음 글의 문맥상, 빈칸 (가)에 들어갈 가장 적절한 말을 쓰고, 밑줄 친 (나)의 상황이 가능한 이유를 본문에 근거하여 우리말로 쓰시오.

(가) pipe

(나) 단어와, 물체, 이미지 사이의 관계는                  구속력이 없기 때문이다.

[6 과]

Teacher: This is what makes René Magritte's            painting so interesting. In this way,            Magritte challenged our tendency to           accept our everyday experiences as            true and clear. Magritte's work The            treachery of Images, which he                 painted between 1928 and 1929,              focuses exactly on this idea. It is one           of his most well-known works. What           do you think of it?

Student A: It doesn't look like anything special             to me. it's simply a picture of a               pipe. There doesn't seem to be               anything surreal about it.

Teacher: Do you know what the French                  writing below the pipe means?

Student A: No. I don't speak French. Is it                  important?

Teacher: Yes. In fact, it's probably the most             important part of the painting. It              says, "This is not a pipe." It is what           makes this painting surreal. When             people first saw that painting and             questioned this statement, Magritte            would tell them that if it were a                 (가)   , they should try to fill it            with tobacco. Of course this is                impossible because it is only an               image of a pipe, not a real pipe.

Student B: I see. I guess he wanted people to             think about the relationships                  between images and objects.

Teacher: Exactly. These relationships aren't as           strong as we may think. The                  relationships between words and              objects aren't strong, either.

(나) Although we had agreed to call           the object a "pipe", it could have             been called an "apple" just as easily.          The pipe in the painting is not the            same pipe a person uses to smoke.           It's merely an image of it. That is to          say, the relationships between words,          objects, and images are nto binding.          The painting not only challenges the          common way we view art, but it even          makes us question how we view              things in general.

(가) : _______________________________________________

(나)의 이유: ________________________________________

___________________________________________________

글의 흐름상 빈칸에 적절한 것은?

4

[4 과]

Now, engineering professor Anthony Brennan believes that he has found a solution. He made his discovery by studying something that spends all of its time in the sea: sharks. He noticed that the tiny pattern of a shark's skin _____________________________. Using this knowledge, he created a material that copies the pattern of a shark's skin. He found that 85 percent less fouling collects on surfaces covered with this material than on smooth surfaces.

① has unique functions to go through the wave smoothly

② designs the special materials for hospitals

③ needs adjusting to swim more quickly

④ prevents fouling from sticking to its body

⑤ must be the main source of the ideas from nature

빈칸에 들어갈 적절한 단어를 모두 고르면?

2

[4 과]

Engineer Eiji Nakatsu looked to the natural world to find a solution to this problem. He discovered that there is a bird, called a kingfisher, that has the ability to manage sudden changes in air (A)_____________. It must do this when it dives from the air into water at high speeds to catch fish. He studied the shape of a kingfisher's beak and designed the nose of the bullet train to have a similar build. This turned out to successfully (B)___________ noise and electricity usage. (C)__________, thanks to the kingfisher, bullet trains are now able to easily, smoothly, and quietly travel through tunnels.

(A)	(B)	(C)

① pollution	induce	However

② resistance	alleviate	Therefore

③ currency	increase	Fortunately

④ resistance	reduce	However

⑤ pollution	increase	Therefore

주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것은?

2

[2 과]

Originally, we thought that not having lights would be the hardest part of living without electricity. But we found that we actually enjoyed doing things by candlelight.

(A) It's a small pot placed inside a larger one, with a layer of wet sand between them. Apparently, people use these to store food in parts of Africa.

(B) I guess we're going to have to borrow a picnic cooler from my father and fill it up with ice from a neighbor's freezer.

(C) Unfortunately, the "pot in a pot" didn't keep our milk from spoiling. In just a couple of days, our fresh milk turned into smelly cheese.

(D) Not having a refrigerator, however, was a real problem. All of our milk and vegetables kept going bad in just a day or two. We thought we had found the solution when we read about the "pot in a pot" device.

① (A)-(D)-(B)-(C)	② (D)-(A)-(C)-(B)

③ (C)-(D)-(A)-(B)	④ (C)-(B)-(D)-(A)

⑤ (B)-(A)-(C)-(D)

(A),(B),(C)의 각 괄호 안에서 문맥에 맞는 낱말로 가장 적절한 것은?

5

[2 과]

Day 1: The First Day of Reducing Our Impact

Here we go! Our priority today was finding ways to stop creating trash. We quickly realized that we can't buy anything that comes in (A)[a package / a product]. We can't even order a coffee to go in a paper cup.  The experiment has (B)[barely / not yet] begun, and already I'm wondering if it's impossible.

There's a cafe around the corner where my wife and I often go to get fresh juice. I explained our experiment to the woman behind (C)[the curtain / the counter]. She was very supportive and said we could bring our own bottles.

(A)	(B)	(C)

① a package	not yet	the counter

② a product	barely	the curtain

③ a package	not yet	the counter

④ a product	not yet	the curtain

⑤ a package	barely	the counter

※ 다음을 읽고 질문에 답하시오.[58~59]

MONDAY, MAY 21

Our Experiment

Welcome to my blog! My name is Christopher, and I live in Chicago with my wife and our two-year-old son. For one year, we're going to attempt to stop having a negative impact on the environment. This might not seem difficult in the countryside, but it's a real challenge when you live in the middle of a big city!  Our first step will be figuring out the best ways to stop creating trash. After that, we're going to take a close look at the food we buy. Finally, we'll look for sustainable ways to reduce energy use.

I know it won't be easy, but I feel that this is a very important issue. I'm not an expert and I don't expect to be a role model. I just hope other people can learn from our mistakes and find their own ways to live more environmentally friendly lives!

위의 글을 바탕으로 필자에 대한 문장 중 틀린 것은?

3

[2 과]

① 필자의 이름은 Christopher이며 블로그에 글을 게시하고 있다.

② 필자의 가족은 총 3명이다.

③ 화석연료를 지속가능하게 만드는 것이 과제이다.

④ 필자가 살고 있는 Chicago는 대도시이다.

⑤ 필자는 환경 문제에 관심이 많다.

[서술형] Christopher가 할 실험의 구체적인 내용 3가지를 영어문장으로 쓰시오.

(1) We will stop making trash.

(2) We will take a look at our food.

(3) We will reduce energy use.

[2 과]

(1) We will s_________ m_________ t_________.

(2) We will t_______ a l_______ a____ o____ f______.

(3) We will r_________ e_________ u_________.

※ 다음을 읽고, 질문에 답하시오.[60~61]

When asked to build low-cost public housing, a team of Slovenian designers turned to nature for inspiration. Bees are some of nature's best builders. (A)__________,the designers decided to use the honeycomb shape of beehives for the cheap and efficient housing construction.

Using this, the Slovenian designers created welcoming, brightly colored structures with eco-friendly balconies. The balconies copying the honeycomb shape were built with a covering outside  and small holes in their walls. The covering protects the apartments from the summer sun, and the holes let the heat inside escape. (B)__________, it provides additional heating to the apartments in winter by keeping warm air inside. This helps regulate the temperature in the apartments all year round. (C)_________, the covered balconies' smart design provides privacy from neighbors. Everyone can privately enjoy the sweet comfort of their honeycomb homes!

글의 내용과 일치하지 않는 것은?

4

① A team of designers got asked to build public housing in Slovenia.

② The designers decided to use the shapes of honeycomb to make better housing.

③ The balcony has a covering outside and small holes in its wall.

④ The covering keeps the house warm in summer by circulating the heat.

⑤ This housing helps regulate the temperature in the apartment all the time.

[서술형] 글의 흐름상 빈칸에 들어갈 접속사를 네모 안에서 골라 문장을 완성하시오.

(A) Therefore, the designers decided to use the honeycomb shape of beehives.

(B) In turn, it provides additional heating to the apartments in winter.

(C) In addition, the covered balconies' smart design provides privacy from neighbors.

[4 과]

In addition,  Therefore,  However

For example,  In turn,  Statistically

(A)__________________________

(B)__________________________

(C)__________________________

※ 다음을 읽고, 질문에 답하시오.[62~63]

In a modern world that often values technology (A)_________ nature, it's interesting that some of the most creative design ideas were taken from the natural world. Biomimicry is a major change in thinking; it's based on the idea that (ㄱ)[nature is _______ _______ a resource, _______ _______ a model and mentor.] This may be the key (B)________ solving more challenges facing today's world.

빈칸 (A), (B)에 들어갈 적절한 것은?

1

[4 과]

① over - to	② along with - for

③ beneath - as	④ in addition to - by

⑤ instead of - in

[서술형] 위 글의 흐름에 맞도록 (ㄱ)의 주어진 빈칸에 적절한 단어를 넣어서 완성하시오.

nature is not just a resource, but also a model and mentor.

[4 과]

→ nature is _______ _______ a resource, _______ _______ a model and mentor.

[서술형] 주어진 문장이 들어갈 다음의 문장을 찾아서 쓰시오.

(D)In fact, many inventions have been derived from nature.

[4 과]

The idea of looking to nature for design ideas isn't new.

(A) When building the first airplanes, designers studied birds and how their wings soared in the wind. (B) The inspiration for hook-and-loop clothing fasteners came from the hooks on burrs, the seeds of a special plant. (C) They have tiny hooks on the outside so that they stick to clothes or fur. (D) In fact, many inventions have been derived from nature. (E) Now, there is even a new approach called biomimicry, which specifically focuses on copying things found in nature to solve human problems.

→ ___________________________________________________

___________________________________________________

※ 다음은 Christopher가 실험을 진행하면서 작성한 블로그입니다. 글을 읽고, 문제에 답하시오.

MONDAY, SEPTEMBER 3

Day 104: Finding the Bright Side of Things

When we first started this experiment, we had lots of arguments about simple tasks that has suddenly become difficult. For example, who would take our son to his day care center each morning? Before, this had just required spending a few minutes in a taxi. Now it meant an extra 20 minutes on foot before making  the long walk to work.

Most of these things have worked out smoothly. My wife now says that her daily walk is the best part of her day. As a busy working mother, she values having some time alone. Not having a TV has really strengthened our relationships. My wife and I talk more often, and both of us are spending more quality time with our son.

Even our health has improved. Before we started this experiment, both of us were slightly overweight. By always using the stairs and walking everywhere, we've gotten into shape without ever setting foot in a gym.

[서술형] 실험을 하면서 부부가 경험한 긍정적인 효과 3가지를 영어로 서술하시오.

(1) His wife had more positive time while walking           to  work every day.

(2) Not watching TV gave his family more quality        time together.

(3) Their health improved.

[2 과]

(1) His wife had more p_______ t_______ while w_______ t_____ w_______ every day.

(2) N_______ w_______ T_______ gave his family more quality time together.

(3) T_______ h_______ i_______.

[서술형] 위의 밑줄 친 문장에서 어법상 틀린 부분을 찾고 이를 바르게 고친 문장을 쓰시오.

(A) has suddenly become → had suddenly become

(B) we had lots of arguments about simple             tasks that had suddenly become difficult.

[2 과]

(A) 틀린부분 : ______________________________________

(B) 고친문장 : ______________________________________

_________________________________________________

다음 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은?

4

[4 과]

Keeping ships clean is not an easy task. The more time a ship spend at sea, the more the bottom of it becomes covered with a thick and wet growth called fouling. Not only does it cost a lot of money to clean fouling off, but the chemicals that are used to remove it can be harmful to the environment. That's why scientists have been looking for better ways to deal with the problem. Now, engineering professor Anthony Brennan believes that he has found a solution. He made his discovery by studying something that spends all of its time in the sea : sharks. He noticed that the tiny pattern of a shark's skin prevents fouling from sticking to its body. Using this knowledge, he created a material that copies the pattern of a shark's skin. He found that 85 percent less fouling collects on surfaces covered with this material than on smooth surfaces.

① Reduction of Sharks from Overfishing

② Accumulation of Marine Organisms on Ships

③ Various Contaminants Causing Marine Pollution

④ Antifouling Material Mimicking Shark's Skin Patter

⑤ Impacts of Antifouling Chemical Compounds on Sea

글의 흐름으로 보아 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장 적절한 곳은?

4

[4 과]

It must do this when it dives from the air into water at high speeds to catch fish.

Building bullet trains at speeds of almost 300 kilometers per hour took a lot of thought. ( ① ) Some of the original models of the bullet train did not run as smoothly. ( ② ) When the high-speed trains went from the wide open outdoors into a narrow tunnel, they created a very loud sound. Engineer Eiji Nakastu looked to the natural world to find a solution to this problem. ( ③ ) He discovered that there is a bird, called kingfisher, that has the ability to manage sudden changes in air resistance. ( ④ ) he studied the shape of a kingfisher's beak and designed the nose of the bullet train to have a similar build. ( ⑤ ) This turned out to successfully reduce noise and electricity usage.

①       ②       ③       ④       ⑤

다음 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것을 모두 고른 것은?

3

[4 과]

When building the first airplanes, designers studied birds and ⓐ how their wings soared in the wind. The inspiration for hook-and-loop clothing fasteners came from the hooks on burrs, the seeds of a special plant. They have tiny hooks on the outside so that they stick to clothes or fur. The idea of looking to nature for design ideas ⓑ are not new. In fact, many inventions have been derived from nature. Now, there is even a new approach called biomimicry, which specifically ⓒ focusing on copying things found in nature to solve human problems. In a modern world that often values technology over nature, it's interesting that some of the most creative design idea were ⓓ taking from the natural world. Biomimicry is a major change in thinking; it's ⓔ based on the idea that nature is not just a resource, but also a model and mentor. This may be the key to ⓕ solving more challenges facing today's world.

①　ⓐ，ⓑ	②　ⓐ，ⓒ，ⓕ

③　ⓑ，ⓒ，ⓓ	④　ⓑ，ⓒ，ⓔ

⑤　ⓒ，ⓓ，ⓔ，ⓕ

슬로베니아의 설계자들이 지은 주택에 관한 다음 글의 내용과 일치하지 않는 것은?

4

[4 과]

When asked to build low-cost public housing, a team of Slovenian designers turned to nature for inspiration. bees are some of nature's best builders. Therefore, the designers decided to use the honeycomb shape of beehives for the cheap and efficient housing construction. Using this, the Slovenian designers created welcoming, brightly colored structures. They even built eco-friendly balconies in the structures. The balconies copying the honeycomb shape were built with a covering outside and small holes in their walls. the covering protects the apartments from the summer sun, and the holes let the heat inside escape. In turn, it provides additional heating to the apartments in winter by keeping warm air inside. This helps regulate the temperature in the apartments all year round. In addition, the covered balconies' smart design provides privacy from neighbors. Everyone can privately enjoy the sweet comfort of their honeycomb homes!

① 밝은 색깔의 건축물이다

② 친환경적인 발코니가 있다

③ 발코니는 벌집 모양을 모방했다

④ 일 년 내내 실내 온도 조절이 어렵다

⑤ 이웃들로부터 사생활을 보호해준다

다음 글의 밑줄 친 We의 깨달음으로 언급되지 않은 것은?

3

[2 과]

Here we go! Our priority today was finding ways to stop creating trash. We quickly realized that we can't buy anything that comes in a package. We can't even order a coffee to go in a paper up. The experiment has barely begun, and already I'm wondering if it's impossible. There's a cafe around the corner where my wife and I often go to get fresh juice. I explained our experiment to the woman behind the counter. She was very supportive and said we could bring our own bottles rather than using the cafe's paper cups. It occurred to me that most of the fruits including pineapple at the cafe were grown in tropical countries. In order to drink my pineapple juice, the fruit had to be flown hundreds of kilometers in an airplane. Airplanes, of course, use fossil fuel. To solve this problem, we made our own food rule: we would buy only locally grown food. Sadly, I realized that I won't be drinking any pineapple juice for the next 12 months!

① Do not buy products in packages.

② Bring the bottles when buying drinks

③ Reuse the paper cups in cafes.

④ Only buy locally grown food.

⑤ Do not drink juice whose ingredients are tropical fruits.

다음 글의 내용과 일치하지 않는 것은?

5

[2 과]

The summer heat has begun and we really miss our air conditioner. We had to hind another way to cool our home because we decided to cut off the electricity to reduce our energy use. We tried keeping the windows open, but our apartment was soon filled with hungry mosquitoes. Luckily, one of our neighbor came to our rescue and let us use her old window screens. We thought being part of a community certainly makes low-impact living easier. We thought that not having lights could be the hardest part of living without electricity. Luckily, we found a solution; we enjoyed doing things by candlelight. Not having a refrigerator, however, was a real problem. All of our milk and vegetables kept going bad in just a day or two. We thought we had found the solution when we read about the 'pot in a pot' device. It's a small pot placed inside a larger one, with a layer of wet sand between them. Apparently, people use these to store food in parts of Africa. Unfortunately, the 'pot in a pot' didn't keep our milk from spoiling. In just a couple of days, our fresh milk turned into smelly cheese. I guess we''re going to have to borrow a picnic cooler from my father and fill it up with ice from a neighbor's freezer.

① The problem caused by stopping using air conditioner was resolved by borrowed window screens.

② The writer realized the advantage of having a community while trying to reduce energy use.

③ Candlelight turned out to be a solution for not having lights.

④ 'Pot in a pot' device was not the proper alternative to refrigerator.

⑤ Borrowing a picnic cooler from the writer's father solved the problem of not using a refrigerator.

다음 글의 빈칸 (A), (B)에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?

4

[2 과]

When we first started this experiment, we had lots of arguments about simple tasks that had suddenly become difficult. For example, who would take our son to his day care center each morning? Before, this had just required spending a few minutes in a taxi. Now it meant an extra 20 minutes on foot before making the long walk to work. Most of these things,      (A)     , have worked out smoothly. My wife now says that her daily walk is the best part of her day. As a busy working mother, she values having some time alone. Not having a TV has really strengthened our relationships. My wife and I talk more often, and both of us are spending more quality time with our son.     (B)     , even our health has improved. Before we started this experiment, both of us were slightly overweight. By always using the stairs and walking everywhere, we've gotten into shape without ever setting foot in a gym.

(A)                   (B)

① similarly	As a result

② however	For example

③ moreover	Yet

④ nevertheless	Furthermore

⑤ for instance	Likewise

운동에 관한 다음 글의 내용과 일치 하는 것은?

5

[5 과]

What kind of exercise is good for our brain? You don’t necessarily need to lift weights or run on a treadmill until you’re covered in sweat. Simple activities can effectively improve brain function because they activate nerves that help your brain wake up. Here are two of the easiest ways to exercise for your brain.

During the day, whenever you have some free time, take a walk. Walking is a particularly good way to keep your brain healthy because it increases blood circulation and the amount of oxygen that reaches your brain. That’s because your leg muscles won’t take up extra oxygen like they would during other forms of exercise.

Therefore. as you walk, your blood is effectively supplied to your brain. Maybe this is why walking can clear your head, helping you think better. Exercising doesn’t have to take time away from studying. If you have a jump rope, you can repeat vocabulary words with each jump. The rhythm and movement will actually make it easier to remember them later. If you don’t have a jump rope, then play catch with a friend. The two of you can ask and answer questions with each throw of the ball. By adding these body movements to learning activities, you change your state of mind and allow your attention to be refreshed.

So how much exercise do you get each day? A little? None at all? Whatever your answer is, you probably want to do better. However, you don’t need to start exercising suddenly for several hours each day. Just set small goals that you can easily achieve. This way, you will feel successful and improve both your body and your brain.

① Sweating is beneficial for your brain health

② Walking can disturb blood supply to your brain

③ The more oxygen your leg muscles use, the better your brain functions.

④ Learning and exercising can't be done at the same time

⑤ Setting attainable goals is the key  to keeping both your body and your brain healthy

[서술형] 다음 글의 내용을 요약하고자 한다. 빈칸 (A)-(C)에 들어갈 가장 적절한 표현을 쓰시오.

(A) Benefits

(B) oxygen and other important nutrients

(C) the growth of new cells.

[5 과]

This means that keeping our brain healthy is connected to good circulation. The brain is critically dependent upon blood flow. It actually requires about 25% of all the blood that’s pumped by the heart. When you exercise, your heart beats faster, increasing the amount of blood that flows to your brain.

This blood carries oxygen and other important nutrients that your brain needs to function well. If your brain’s oxygen level drops too low, you’ll have trouble remembering things you learned in the past. You will also have trouble concentrating on the new things you are learning. Therefore, by exercising regularly, you can improve your memory and do better in school.

Scientific research has found that exercise can cause never cells to form thick, interconnected webs that make the brain run faster and more efficiently. It has also shown that moderate regular exercise can stimulate that growth of new cells in a part of the brain called the hippocampus. This is one of the sections of your brain that is responsible for memory. According to the study, the number of brain cells in this part increased by about 30% in people who exercised on a regular basis. The study also showed that their memory improved as well.

<조건>

- (A)는 주어진 철자로 시작하는 1단어

- (B) (C)는 5단어

- (C)는 본문에 있는 표현을 그대로 쓸 것

(변형 불가)

(A) B_________ of Exercising

Exercising helps provide your brain with more blood which delivers   (B)   that your brain needs to work well. Also it accelerates     (C)   in the hippocampus so that your memory can be improved.

(A)___________________________________________________

(B)___________________________________________________

(C)___________________________________________________

글의 다음에 이어질 수 없는 것은?

4

[4 과]

When building the first airplanes, designers studied birds and how their wings soared in the wind. The inspiration for hook-and-loop clothing fasteners came from the hooks on burrs, the seeds of a special plant. They have tiny hooks on the outside so that they stick to clothes or fur. The idea of looking to nature for design ideas isn't new. In fact, many inventions have been derived from nature. Now, there is even a new approach called biomimicry, which specifically focuses on copying things found in nature to solve human problems. Here are four examples of how nature inspired inventions that are already changing society.

① Birds have been able to boost the distance they're able to fly by more than 70 percent through the use of the V-shape. Scientists thinks passenger airlines could realize fuel savings by taking the same tactic.

② Velcro is universal these days, found on everything from astronaut suits to children's shoes. The sticky material was actually inspired by the way plant burrs stick to dog hair.

③ Spider silk is known to be one of nature's strongest materials. Silk is both stretchy and lightweight. Scientists have created a medical product that mimics this property: a flexible tape.

④ A satellite is an object that orbits another object. In space, satellites may be made by man, or they may be natural. The moon is a natural satellite that orbits the Earth. Most man-made satellites also orbit the Earth.

⑤ Shark skin contains sleek scales that resemble tiny teeth and also prevents something called bio-fouling. Researchers in Germany have developed a synthetic shark skin made of flexible silicone that reduces bio-fouling by 67 percent in tests.

주어진 글 다음에 이어질 내용을 순서에 맞게 배열한 것은?

5

[4 과]

When asked to build low-cost public housing, a team of Slovenian designers turned to nature for inspiration. Bees are some of nature's best builders. Therefore, the designers decided to use the honeycomb shape of beehives for the cheap and efficient housing construction.

(A) In a modern world that often values technology over nature, it's interesting that some of the most creative design ideas were taken from the natural world. Biomimicry is a major change in thinking; it's based on the idea that nature is not just a resource, but also a model and mentor. This may be the key to solving more challenges facing today's world.

(B) In turn, it provides additional heating to the apartments in winter by keeping warm air inside. This helps regulate the temperature in the apartments all year round. In addition, the covered balconies' smart design provides privacy from neighbors. Everyone can privately enjoy the sweet comfort of their honeycomb homes!

(C) Using this, the Slovenian designers created welcoming, brightly colored structures with eco-friendly balconies. The balconies copying the honeycomb shape were built with a covering outside  and small holes in their walls. The covering protects the apartments from the summer sun, and the holes let the heat inside escape.

① (A)-(B)-(C)           ② (B)-(A)-(C)

③ (B)-(C)-(A)           ④ (C)-(A)-(B)

⑤ (C)-(B)-(A)

밑줄 친 ①~⑤ 중, 어법상 옳지 않은 것은?

2

[4 과]

① Keeping ships clean is not an easy task. The more time a ship spends at sea, the more the bottom of it becomes covered with a thick and wet growth called fouling. ② Not only it does cost a lot of money to clean fouling off, but the chemicals that are used to remove it can be harmful to the environment. ③ That's why scientists have been looking for better ways to deal with the problem. Now, engineering professor Anthony Brennan believes that he has found a solution. He made his discovery ④ by studying something that spends all of its time in the sea: sharks. He noticed ⑤ that the tiny pattern of a shark's skin prevents fouling from sticking to its body.

①       ②       ③       ④       ⑤

※ 다음 글을 읽고 물음에 답하시오.[79~80]

As you know, there is not much water in a desert. ① Many plants and animals, which cannot survive without water, have had to creatively adapt to living in such dry areas. ② The Namibian beetle is one example of (A) such a creature. ③ It lives in the Namib Desert of Africa - one of the driest deserts in the world. ④ The top of the beetle's shell is covered with bumps that attract drops of water from the morning fog, which then roll down the wax-covered sides and straight into its mouth. ⑤ Inspired by (B) this creative method of water collection, scientists have developed a type of surface that copies the features of the beetle's back. (C) This surface could help supply poor people living in dry regions with clean drinking water. It may also provide an environmentally friendly water source for cities, by collecting water on the roofs of buildings.

글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장 적절한 곳은?

4

[4 과]

To get the drinking water it needs, the Namibian beetle has developed an amazing system of collecting water from fog.

①       ②       ③       ④       ⑤

[서술형] 밑줄 친 (A)~(C)의 의미를 본문에서 찾아 우리말로 쓰시오.

(A) 건조한 지역에 사는 것에 적응한 생명체

(B) 나미비아 딱정벌레가 건조한 지역에서 물을 만들어 먹는 방법

(C) 나미비아 딱정벌레의 등껍질 표면

[4 과]

(A) such a creature

: ________________________________________________

(B) this creative method

: ________________________________________________

(C) This surface

: ________________________________________________

글의 요지로 가장 적절한 것은?

5

[5 과]

How much exercise do you get each day? A little? A lot? None at all? Whatever your answer is, you probably want to do better. However, you don't need to start exercising suddenly for several hours each day. Just set small goals that you can easily achieve. This way, you will feel successful and improve both your body and your brain. How about starting with the goal of exercising at least 10 minutes a day? If you find that even this is a hard goal to keep, try this: Every time you get up to do something during the day, take just 10 seconds to bend over and touch your toes. It takes just a little time, yet it delivers a rush of oxygen to your brain. What could be easier than that? You can exercise almost anywhere and at any time. Plus, you can have fun doing it! So why not give it a try?

① 유산소 운동은 건강에 유익하다.

② 손쉬운 운동이 두뇌의 건강에 유익하다.

③ 운동량은 연령에 따라 적절히 조절하여라.

④ 두뇌에 전달되는 산소의 양은 운동과 밀접한 관계가 있다.

⑤ 일상에서 쉽게 할 수 있는 목표를 세워 운동을 하여라.

[서술형] 글의 내용을 한 문장으로 요약하고자 한다. (A)~(C)에 들어갈 말을 본문에서 찾아 영어로 쓰시오.

[서술형3]

(A) sudden changes

(B) air resistance

(C) bullet trains

[4 과]

Bullet trains in Japan can move people from city to city at speeds of almost 300 kilometers per hour. Building vehicles that move this quickly took a lot of thought. Some of the original models of the bullet train did not run as smoothly. When the high-speed trains went from the wide open outdoors into a narrow tunnel, they created a very loud sound. Engineer Eiji Nakatsu looked to the natural world to find a solution to this problem. He discovered that there is a bird, called a kingfisher, that has the ability to manage sudden changes in air resistance. It must do this when it dives from the air into water at high speeds to catch fish. He studied the shape of a kingfisher's beak and designed the nose of the bullet train to have a similar build. This turned out to successfully reduce noise and electricity usage. Therefore, thanks to the kingfisher, bullet trains are now able to easily, smoothly, and quietly travel through tunnels.

↓

A kingfisher's beak can deal with (A)__________ in (B)_______________. People used this idea in (C) ___________ that run smoothly and quietly.

(A)__________________________

(B)__________________________

(C)__________________________

※ 다음 글을 읽고 물음에 답하시오.[83~84]

Keeping ships clean is not an easy task. (A) The more time a ship spends at sea, the more the bottom of it becomes covered with a thick and wet growth called fouling. (B) Not only it costs a lot of money to clean fouling off, but the chemicals that are used to remove it can be harmful to the environment. (C) For these reasons, scientists have been looking for better ways to deal with the problem.

Now, engineering professor Anthony Brennan believes that he has found a solution. He made discovery by studying something that spends all of its time in the sea: sharks.

(D) He noticed that the tiny pattern of a shark's skin prevents fouling to its body. Using this knowledge, he created a material that copies the pattern of a shark's skin. He found that 85 percent less fouling collects on surfaces covered with this material than on smooth surfaces. The benefits don't stop there! He discovered that bacteria don't stick to this material, either. Therefore, it can also be used on certain surfaces in hospitals, such as bed rails and tray tables,___________________.

위 글의 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?

5

[4 과]

① to make them feel sticky

② to make the surfaces more smooth

③ to make rooms brighter than before

④ to make patients feel more comfortable

⑤ to make it hard to get diseases to spread

위 글의 (A)~(D) 중 어법상 틀린 것을 두 개 찾아 고쳐 쓰시오.

(1) (B), Not only it costs, Not only does it cost

(2) (D), prevents fouling to stick, prevents fouling from sticking

1. 틀린 부분 : _______

→ 고친 표현: ______________________________________

2. 틀린 부분: _______

→ 고친 표현: ______________________________________

※ 다음 글을 읽고 물음에 답하시오.[85~86]

As you know, there is not much water in a desert. Many plants and animals, (A)[that / which] cannot survive without water, have had to creatively adapt to living in such dry areas. The Namibian beetle is one example of such a creature.

① It lives in the Namib Desert of Africa - one of the driest deserts in the world. To get the drinking water ② it needs, the Namibian beetle has developed an amazing system of collecting water from fog. The top of ③ its shell is covered with bumps that attract drops of water from the morning fog, which then roll down the wax-covered sides and straight into ④ its mouth.

Inspired by this creative method of water collection, scientists (B)[have developed / have been developed] a type of surface that copies the features of the beetle's back. ⑤ Its surface could help (C)[supply / supplying] poor people living in dry regions with clean drinking water. It may also provide an environmentally friendly water source for cities, by collecting water on the roofs of buildings.

위 글의 밑줄 친 it(its)가 가리키는 대상이 나머지 넷과 다른 것은?

5

[4 과]

①       ②       ③       ④       ⑤

위 글의 (A), (B), (C)의 괄호 안에 들어갈 말로 적절히 짝지어진 것은?

5

[4 과]

(A)            (B)               (C)

① that   -  have developed        - supply

② that   -  have been developed  - supply

③ which -  have developed        - supplying

④ which  -  have been developed  - supplying

⑤ which -  have developed        - supply

※ 다음 글을 읽고 물음에 답하시오.[87~88]

Bullet trains in Japan can move people from city to city at speeds of almost 300 kilometers per hour. Building vehicles that move this quickly took a lot of thought. (a) Some of the original models of the bullet train did not run as smoothly, (b) When the high-speed trains went from the wide open outdoors into a narrow tunnel, they created a very loud sound.

Engineer Eiji Nakatsu looked to the natural world to find a solution to this problem. He discovered that there is a bird, called a kingfisher, that has the ability to manage sudden changes in air resistance. It must do this when it dives from the air into water at high speeds to catch fish. He studied the shape of a kingfisher's beak and designed the nose of the bullet train to have a similar build. This turned out to successfully reduce noise and electricity usage. Therefore, thanks to the kingfisher, (c) bullet trains are now able to easily, smoothly, and quietly travel through tunnels.

[서술형] 위 글을 읽고 다음 질문에 답하시오.

(1) sudden changes in air resistance

(2) shape of a kingfisher's beak

[4 과]

(1) 위 글의 (a), (b)와 같은 문제가 발생하게 된 원인을 본문에서 찾아 영어로 쓰시오.(단, 5단어 내외의 명사구로 쓸 것)

→ ___________________________________________________

(2) 위 글의 (c)와 같은 결과를 얻기 위해 Eiji Nakatsu는 무엇을 모방하였는지 본문에서 찾아 영어로 쓰시오.(단, 5단어 내외의 명사구로 쓸 것)

→ ___________________________________________________

Bullet trains in Japan에 관한 위 글의 내용과 일치하는 것은?

3

① They can run about 300 kilometers per minute.

② Some original models of them caused too much air pollution.

③ When entering a narrow tunnel, they get to face different level of air resistance.

④ Eiji Nakatsu tried to find a solution by studying kingfisher, but failed.

⑤ Thanks to the kingfisher, they can travel smoothly and quietly except when running through a narrow tunnel.

A), (B), (C)의 괄호 안에 들어갈 말로 적절히 짝지어진 것은?

5

[4 과]

When asked to build low-cost public housing, a team of Slovenian designers turned to nature for inspiration. Bees are some of nature's best builders.     (A)    , the   designers decided to use the honeycomb shape of beehives for the cheap and efficient housing construction.

Using this, the Slovenian designers created welcoming, brightly colored structures with eco-friendly balconies. The balconies copying the honeycomb shape were built with a covering outside and small holes in their walls. The covering protects the apartments from the summer sun, and the holes let the heat inside escape.     (B)    , provides additional heating to the apartments in winter by keeping warm air inside. This helps regulate the temperature in the apartments all year round.

(C)   , the covered balconies' smart design provides privacy from neighbors. Everyone can privately enjoy the sweet comfort of their honeycomb homes!

(A)             (B)               (C)

① Therefore  -     In turn       -  However

② Otherwise -    Nevertheless    - Consequently

③ Likewise   - On the other hand - However

④ Otherwise -      In turn        - Futhermore

⑤ Therefore - On the other hand  - In addition

다음 Christopher York의 blog 내용을 cause and effect로 알맞게 표현한 것은?

2

[2 과]

Day 104: Finding the Bright Side of Things

When we first started this experiment, we had lots of arguments about simple tasks that had suddenly become difficult. For example, who would take our son to his day care center each morning? Before, this had just required spending a few minutes in a taxi. Now it meant an extra 20 minutes on foot before making the long walk to work. Most of these things have worked out smoothly. My wife now says that her daily walk is the best part of her day. As a busy working mother, she values having some time alone. Not having a TV has really strengthened our relationships. My wife and I talk more often, and both of us are spending more quality time with our son.

Even our health has improved Before we started this experiment, both of us were slightly overweight. By always using the stairs ad walking everywhere, we've gotten into shape without ever setting foot in a gym.

	cause	effect
①	Simple tasks suddenly became difficult.	Christopher's wife takes a taxi every morning.
②	Christopher's wife had to take a walk more frequently than before.	She thinks that with her daily walk, she can have more valuable time.
③	Christopher's wife tried to be more positive in her everyday life.	She and her husband have more conversation.
④	Christopher's family didn't watch TV.	Their health has improved.
⑤	Christopher and his wife went to a fitness center.	They have nice body shapes.

※ 다음 글을 읽고 물음에 답하시오.[91~92]

Day 1: The First Day of Reducing Our Impact

Here we go! Our priority today was   (a)  . We quickly realized that we can't buy anything that comes in a package. We can't even order a coffee ① to go in a paper cup. The experiment has barely begun, and already I'm wondering ② whether it's impossible. There's a cafe around the corner ③ to which my wife and I often go to get fresh juice. I explained out experiment to the woman behind the counter. She was very supportive and said we could bring our own bottles instead of using the cafe's paper cups.

The next step was talking a close look at the food we buy. It occurred to me that most of the fruit at the cafe ④ were grown in tropical countries. In order to drink my pineapple juice, the fruit had to ⑤ be flown hundreds of kilometers in an airplane. Airplanes, of course, use fossil fuel. To solve this problem, I made my own food rule: I would   (b)  . Sadly, I realized that I won't be drinking any pineapple juice for the next 12 months!

주어진 어휘를 이용하여 위 글의 (a), (b)를 완성하시오.(단, 필요할 경우 어휘를 추가하거나 어형을 변화할 것)

(a) to reduce trash

(b) buy only locally grown food

[2 과]

local,  trash

(a) :__________________________________________________

(b) :__________________________________________________

위 글의 밑줄 친 ①~⑤ 중 어법상 틀린 것은?

4

[2 과]

①       ②       ③       ④       ⑤

Christopher York의 blog 글에 대한 댓글 중 blogger의 의도를 가장 잘 파악한 것은?

4

[2 과]

Day 365: The End of the Experiment

What did we learn from our experiment? We now know that it's possible to live a peaceful life in the middle of the city. All you have to do is stop rushing aruond, eating junk food, and watching TV. Our family now spends more time together, and we're all happier because of it. We've even become close friends with some neighbors we hardly knew before. It's clear that by reducing your impact on the environment, you help yourself just as much as you help the world.

① Amy : What I learned from Christopher's experiment was that I can live more convenient life by reducing our impact on the environment.

② Jason : Thanks to you, I realized the importance of keeping good relationships with my friends.

③ David : From now on, I'll try to use more public transportation because it takes over one hour on foot. It is time-consuming.

④ Patty : You remind me of the life of Henry David Thoreau, who was a philosopher and lived a simple life in nature. I want to live like him without harming our natural surroundings.

⑤ Kelly : I think nothing is more valuable than having a good time with my family. I'll try to eat out with my family more often.

다음 글의 빈칸 (A), (B)에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?

2

[5 과]

So how much exercise do you get each day? A little? A lot? None at all? Whatever your answer is, you probably want to do better.    (A)   , you don't need to start exercising suddenly for several hours each day. Just set small goals that you can easily achieve. This way, you will feel successful and improve both your body and your brain.

How about starting with the goal of exercising at least 10 minutes a day? If you find that even this is a hard goal to keep, try this: Every time you get up to do something during the day, take just 10 seconds to bend over and touch your toes. It takes just a little time, yet it delivers a rush of oxygen to your brain. What could be easier than that?

You can exercise almost anywhere and at any time.    (B)   , you can have fun doing it! So why not give it a try?

(A)	(B)

①  However	In contrast

②  However	In addition

③  In fact	Instead

④  For example	That is

⑤  For example	Similarly

주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것은?

4

[5 과]

During the day, whenever you have some free time, take a walk.

(A) That's because you leg muscles won't take up extra oxygen like they would during other forms of exercise.

(B) Therefore, as you walk, your blood is effectively supplied to your brain. Maybe this is why walking can clear your head, helping you think better.

(C) Walking is a particularly good way to keep your brain healthy because it increases blood circulation and the amount of oxygen that reaches your brain.

① (A)-(C)-(B)	② (B)-(A)-(C)

③ (B)-(C)-(A)	④ (C)-(A)-(B)

⑤ (C)-(B)-(A)

[서술형] 다음 글의 빈칸에 들어갈 말을 <보기>의 단어만 사용하여 문맥에 맞게 쓰시오.(단, 필요시 어형을 변화시킬 것)

increasing the amount of blood that flows your brain

[5 과]

There's a saying that goes "What's good for the heart is good for the head." This means that keeping our brain healthy is connected to good circulation. The brain is critically dependent upon blood flow. It actually requires about 25% of all the blood that's pumped by the heart. When you exercise, your heart beats faster,                      . This blood carries oxygen and other important nutrients that your brain needs to function well. If your brain's oxygen level drops too low, you'll have trouble remembering things you learned in the past. You will also have trouble concentrating on the new things you are learning. Therefore, by exercising regularly, you can improve your memory and do better in school.

<보기>

increase / to / the amount / that / your / brain / flow / of / blood

→ ___________________________________________________

___________________________________________________

다음 글의 흐름으로 보아, ①~⑤ 중 쓰임이 적절하지 않은 것은?

3

[5 과]

Scientific research has found that exercise can cause nerve cells to form thick, ① interconnected webs that make the brain run faster and more efficiently. It has also shown that moderate regular exercise can stimulate the growth of new cells in a part of the brain called the hippocampus. This is one of the sections of your brain that is ② in charge of memory. According to one study, the number of brain cells in this part ③ decreased by about 30% in people who exercised on a regular basis. The study also showed that their memory improved as well.

So what kind of exercise is good for our brain? You don't ④ necessarily need to lift weights or run on a treadmill until you're covered in sweat. Simple activities can effectively improve brain function because they ⑤ activate nerves that help your brain wake up.

①       ②       ③       ④       ⑤

※ 다음 글을 읽고, 물음에 답하시오.[98~99]

Teacher : Good morning, everyone. Today                we're going to talk about Rene               Magritte, a Belgian surrealist                  painter. He was born in 1898 and             died in 1967. Surrealism was                  started in France in the first half              of the twentieth century. "Sur"              means "over or beyond" in French,            so surrealism means "beyond reality."           ( ① ) Like its name, surrealist artists           tried to present ideas taken from             their dreams and imaginations,                instead of simply painting images             from the real world. ( ② ) Rene              Magritte was one of the most                famous and influential artists of this           movement and inspired the works of           many other artists. Let's take a look           at three of his most popular works.           The first painting we're going to              look at is called The Empire of                Lights. What do you see in it?

Student A : It's nighttime. There is a dark                   house with trees around it. The                lights are on inside the house                and there is a lamp lighting up                the sidewalk.

Teacher : Is it? Look at the sky. What does it            look like?

Student A : Oh, it is daytime! There is a                    beautiful blue sky with pretty                 white clouds. But it is                        impossible in real life to have                 night and day at the same time.

Teacher : Exactly. That's what makes this                   painting surreal. ( ③ ) Many                  people do not see (A)this                     paradox the first time they look               at this painting because both                 parts of it are so realistically                  painted. This painting makes us               think about what we see and                 whether it is real or just an                   image from a dream. ( ④ ) This              is what makes Rene Magritte's                paintings so interesting. ( ⑤ )                 Magritte's work The Treachery of              Images, which he painted                     between 1928 and 1929, focuses              exactly on this idea. It is one of              his most well-known works. What              do you think of it?

윗글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장 적절한 곳은?

5

[6 과]

In this way, Magritte challenged our tendency to accept our everyday experiences as true and clear.

①       ②       ③       ④       ⑤

[서술형 2] 윗글의 밑줄 친 (A)this paradox가 가리키는 구체적인 내용을 본문에서 찾아 그대로 쓰시오. (10단어 이내)

to have night and day at the same time

[6 과]

→ ___________________________________________________

___________________________________________________

정답