05강 제목 추론

05강 제목 추론

1. 다음 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은?

Texting seems to meet a new communicative need in a society where increased pressures on time and short attention spans are increasingly the norm. The medium appeals to people who do not want to waste time engaging in the linguistic hand-shaking that is needed in traditional face-to-face or voice telephone conversations ─ what has sometimes been called ‘phatic communion’in linguistics. In those contexts it is normal polite behavior to exchange social messages on meeting someone (How are you?, Nice day ...), and in some languages the conversational rituals of greeting and farewell are quite elaborate. None of this is required in texting, where the messages are typically short and direct, and introduced with few or no opening remarks. In a face-to-face setting, they would seem abrupt or even ─ depending on the relationship between the participants ─ rude.

* phatic communion 사교적 언어 사용

① Text Generation Gap: R U 2 Old?

② Cultural Differences in Greeting

③ Is Texting Corrupting Language?

④ Make a Positive Impression When Greeting People

⑤ Characteristics of Texting: Shortness and Directness

2. 다음 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은?

Memory is a very basic aspect of cognition, so we might expect it to operate in much the same manner among human beings everywhere. This is true: No matter where they live and in what culture, people all around the world have the same basic memory abilities. This does not mean, however, that memory is unaffected by culture. For example, in many industrialized societies, students learn as part of their education to remember lists of unrelated terms and practice entering abstract information such as mathematical and chemical equations into their memories. In traditional societies, in contrast, individuals have little if any practice with such tasks.

People in these societies, too, commit large amounts of information to memory; but most of it is directly linked to their daily lives. They only memorize the names of large numbers of plants and animals that are a part of everyday life.

① Common Myths about Memory

② Does Culture Influence Memory?

③ What Makes Man a Rational Being

④ How Does the Brain Store Knowledge?

⑤ Natural Ways to Improve Your Memory

3. 다음 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은?

To live with constant energy, it is important to get your emotional faults corrected. The late Knute Rockne, one of the greatest college football coaches ever, said that a football player cannot have sufficient energy unless his emotions are under spiritual control. In fact, he went so far as to say that he would not have a man on his team who did not have a genuinely friendly feeling for every fellow player. “I have to get the most energy out of a man,”he said, “and have discovered that it cannot be done if he hates another man. Hate blocks his energy and he isn't up to par until he eliminates it and develops a friendly feeling.” People who lack energy are disorganized by their deep, fundamental emotional and psychological conflicts, such as guilt and fear. Sometimes the results of this disorganization are extreme, but healing is ever possible.

① Keep in Tune with Your Colleagues

② Get Absolutely Absorbed in Something

③ Just Listen to Your Body's Natural Rhythms

④ Fill Your Mind with Creative and Healthy Thoughts

⑤ Optimize Your Energy Levels through Emotional Growth

4. 다음 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은?

Not surprisingly, workers are more productive and effective when they receive guidance and support based on an accurate appraisal of their performance. In an ideal world, appraisal of workers’performances would be based solely on how well they do their jobs. However, subjective biases often affect workers’evaluations. For example, supervisors tend to focus on the worker rather than on the worker’ performance. Supervisors may form general impressions of liking or disliking workers and base their evaluations on these impressions rather than on the work performed. The tendency to rate workers according to general impressions can be reduced by instructing raters to focus on how well the worker carries out specific tasks. Learning theorists have suggested that the criteria for appraisal be totally objective ─ based on publicly observable behaviors and outlined to workers and supervisors before performance. Workers should be penalized for no such thing as “poor attitude.”

① Accurate Appraisal and Task Types

② Effects of Personal Biases on Task Selection

③ Developing Objective Evaluation Procedures

④ Unbiased Appraisal of Workers’Performance

⑤ Supervisors’Styles and Types of Evaluations

5.  다음 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은?

Given the growing human population, it is difficult to imagine a complete stop to habitat destruction. However, biologist Norman Myers and his collaborators have concluded that twenty-five biodiversity “"hotspots,” making up less than two percent of Earth's surface, contain up to fifty percent of all mammal, bird, reptile, amphibian, and plant species. Hotspots occur in areas of the globe where favorable climate conditions lead to high levels of plant production, such as rain forests, and where geological factors have resulted in the isolation of species groups, allowing them to diversify. Stopping habitat destruction in these hotspots could greatly reduce the global extinction rate. Of course, preserving these biodiversity hotspots is not easy, but by focusing conservation efforts on hotspot areas at the greatest risk, humans can very quickly prevent the loss of a large number of species.

① It's Too Dangerous to Stay in Hotspot Areas!

② How to Classify Species in Biodiversity Hotspots

③ Climate Change Brought about by Habitat Destruction

④ Biodiversity Hotspots: Key Areas for Species Conservation

⑤ Relationships between Human Population and Habitat Destruction

6. 다음 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은?

Newspapers love to print stories about five-year-old musical prodigies giving solo recitals, but you rarely read about one going on to become a Mozart. The point here is that whatever his initial gift, Mozart was also an artist who learned to work on his work, and thereby improved. In that respect he shares common ground with the rest of us. Artists get better by sharpening their skills or by acquiring new ones; they get better by learning to work, and by learning from their work. They commit themselves to the work of their heart, and act upon that commitment. So when you ask, “Then why doesn't it come easily for me?” the answer is probably, “Because making art is hard!” What you end up caring about is what you do, not whether the doing came hard or easy.

* prodigy 영재

① What Really Matters in Making Art

② Mozart: The Greatest Musical Genius

③ Moderate Giftedness: Blessing or Curse?

④ Identifying Artistically Talented Children

⑤ Art Making: Fun and Rewarding Experience

7. 다음 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은?

Undeniably, cancer comes with age. Eighty percent of all cancers happen after age sixty-five, and by the end of life about one-third of us will be stricken by cancer. But cancer is not due to aging itself. It strikes later in life because a long life span provides cancer a longer incubation period in which to develop. Cancer is not an overnight phenomenon like an infection; it is a long, slow process that happens over twenty, thirty, or forty years, as cells are bombarded by free radicals, causing initial mutations in genetic DNA, followed by years of tiny encouragements to grow into a tumor and then to spread to other tissues in the body. A cancer discovered today is the result of free radical catastrophes that began occurring several decades ago and are still piling up.

* free radical 활성 산소

① Free of Cancer? Go Slow!

② Growing Old Without Cancer

③ Cancer: A Long Time Comer

④ Cancer: A By-product of Stress

⑤ Rest: The Best Policy for Cancer

8. 다음 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은?

Consider an eight-year-old girl who is given a hammer and nail to hang a picture on the wall. She has never used a hammer, but from observing others do this she realizes that a hammer is an object to be held, that it is swung by the handle to hit the nail, and that it is usually swung a number of times. Recognizing each of these things, she fits her behavior into this schema she already has (assimilation). But the hammer is heavy, so she holds it near the top. She swings too hard and the nail bends, so she adjusts the pressure of her strikes. These adjustments reflect her ability to slightly alter her conception of the world (accommodation). Just as both assimilation and accommodation are required in this example, so are they required in many of the child's thinking challenges. �

* schema 배경지식

① Educating Children Using Tools

② Ways to Develop Children's Independence

③ Environmental Effects on Children's Cognition

④ How Children Use and Adjust Their Knowledge

⑤ Differences between Assimilation and Accommodation