Lesson 8 The Year Without a Summer

In 2010, there was a huge volcanic (Ⓐerrection/eruption) in Iceland that disrupted air travel in Europe for almost a month, (❶caused/causing) hundreds of flights to be cancelled.

For those living nearby, the ash did (❷better/more) than just disrupt air travel.

The ash cloud (Ⓓnot only) blocked the sun (Ⓔbut also) covered everything with dust.

(Moreover/However), this was not the first time that (❸such/so) an event occurred.

When Mount Tambora erupted in 1815, it was one of the most shocking and most unforgettable volcanic (❹explosion/explosions) in history.

The volcanic eruption of Mount Tambora greatly (Ⓑaffected/afforded) the environment and human life around the world as (Ⓒgood/well) as the (❺surrounded/surrounding) area.

1. 윗글의 Ⓐ-Ⓑ-Ⓒ에 들어갈 말로 적절한 것은?

2. 윗글의 ❶~❺중 어법상 적절한 표현은?

3. 윗글의 Ⓓ-Ⓔ에 들어갈 표현으로 적절할 것은?

❶neither - nor

❷not just - but also

❸not only - but either

❹not either - but also

❺either - or

How Did It Happen?

(A)In addition to large ❶qualities of ash, rocks and dust ejected by the volcano, over 200 million tons of hazardous gases were ❷propelled into the stratosphere -the layer of the earth‘s atmosphere that❸ lays between 10 and 50 kilometers above the earth.

(B)The eruption of Mount Tambora on the Indonesian island of Sumbawa in April 1815 was one of the largest ❹exploitation ever recorded.

(C)This huge amount of gas severely ❺released the amount of sunlight that reached the ground and made temperatures fall across the northern hemisphere, which led to global cooling.

The current belief is that the unseasonably cold weather in 1816 was a direct result of this volcanic eruption.

4. 글의 흐름에 맞게 주어진 위에 주어진 문단들을 배열한 것은?

❶A-C-B  ❷A-B-C  ❸B-C-A  ❹B-A-C  ❺C-B-A

5. 윗글의 ❶~❺의 어휘의 쓰임이 적절한 것은?

The year 1816 is still known (❶for) scientists and historians as                        Ⓐ         because of the (❷normally) cold weather which (❸irritated) the northern hemisphere.

This (❹unusual) phenomenon was a shock at the time and still baffles scientists today.

Ⓐ          started with the (❺catastrophy) eruption of Mount Tambora in the spring of 1815.

6. 윗글의 빈칸 Ⓐ에 공통으로 가장 적절한 말은?

❶Lost year

❷The year without rain

❸The extremely hot year

❹The year with only spring

❺The year without summer“

7.윗글의 밑줄친 ❶~❺의 어휘 표현이 가장 적절한 것은?

Devastated Northern Hemisphere

The unusual summer weather of 1816 had the greatest effect on the northeastern part of the United States, Atlantic Canada and parts of Western Europe as well as Asia.

In May 1816, the cold weather ruined the majority of crops that ❶had planted in these regions.

As the cold weather ❷reached to northern China, it destroyed trees, rice crops and even killed water buffalos.

On June fourth, frosts were reported in Connecticut, and by June sixth, snow had fallen in upstate New York and Maine.

Further north in Quebec City, nearly one foot of snow fell and finished off most of the crops.

More devastation ❸was followed, with huge storms causing problems on many major rivers.

The Rhine flooded and then ❹frozen over in a couple of weeks.

Even the Asian monsoon season was disrupted by the volcanic eruption of Mount Tambora.

It created floods in the Yangtze valley in China.

The delayed summer monsoons also caused the spread of cholera from the River Ganges in India to as ❺far away as Moscow.

8. 윗글의 ❶~❺중 어법상 바른 표현은?

9. 윗글의 내용과 일치하는 것은?

❶1816년 여름은 아시아를 제외한 북반구 지역에 영향을 끼쳤다.

❷캐나다 북쪽에서는 나무, 벼, 물소까지도 피해를 입었다.

❸미국에서는 여름에 서리, 눈등의 현상이 일어났다.

❹거대한 폭풍은 주요 바다에도 문제를 일으켰다.

❺아시아 몬순 시즌이 파괴되면서 양쯔강 범람을 막을 수 있었다.

Forced to Move

❶This weather pattern had a powerful impact on the American and European economies as well as the health of their populations.

❷Due to the heavy frost in August 1816, the price of wheat, grains, meat, vegetables, butter, milk and flour also increased sharply.

❸As a result, farmers began to leave their homes in New England to search for new land that had warmer weather and richer soil.

❹This migration led to settlement of the midwestern part of the United States.❺

10. 윗글에서 주어진 문장이 들어갈 위치로 가장 적절한 곳은?

It also caused famine and epidemics in the northern hemisphere.

(                          Ⓐ                        )

This volcanic eruption created the necessity for inventing a new form of transportation.

In the early nineteenth century, horses were the major (❶meaning/means) of transportation.

The crop failures from "The Year Without a Summer" reduced the amount of oats available for horses to eat.

This problem may have (❷encouraged/distracted) the German inventor Karl Drais to research new ways of horseless transportation.

In 1817, he created the very first human-powered land vehicle called velocipede, which means "fast foot" in Latin.

This invention, which we now call a bicycle, (❸evolved/revolutionized) the way people moved from place to place without horses.

11. 윗글의 ❶~❸에서 글의 흐름에 맞는 적절한 어휘를 고르시오.

12. 글의 전체적인 흐름으로 볼 때 빈칸 Ⓐ에 들어갈 표현으로 가장 적절하지 못 한것은?

❶Every cloud has  a silver lining.

❷Necessity is the mother of invention

❸A blessing in disguise

❹It never rains but it pours.

❺Misfortune becomes luck.

Dr. Frankenstein Was Born

When you plan a trip to Switzerland during the summer, you imagine bright sunshine, yellow and pink blossoms (Ⓐcovering) the hillsides and sweet-smelling air (Ⓑfilling) your lungs.

(ⒹHowever), in July of 1816, the bad weather in Switzerland forced the famous writers, Mary Shelley, Lord Byron and John William Polidori (❶spent) much of their time indoors.

They stared through the windows at the cold, damp and unfriendly Geneva summer weather.

They decided to have a writing contest rather than (❷letting) the weather drive them (❸crazily).

(ⒸInspired) by the weather, the host, Lord Byron, wrote the poem Darkness, Polidori wrote The Vampyre, and Shelley wrote the story The Modern Prometheus (❹known as) Dr. Frankenstein.

(ⒺAlthough) it was not completed and published (❺that) 1818, not many people know that Dr. Frankenstein originated in Switzerland during "The Year Without a Summer."

13. 윗글의 ❶~❺중 어법상 바른 표현은?

14. 윗글의 Ⓐ~Ⓒ에 들어갈 동사 형태로 바른 것은?

❶covering- filling- inspired

❷covered- filled- inspired

❸covered- filled- inspiring

❹covering- filled- inspiring

❺covered with- filled with -inspired

15. 윗글의 Ⓓ~Ⓔ에 들어갈 연결어로 가장 적절한 것은?

❶Therefore - As ❷Despite - Though ❸Instead - However

❹However - Although ❺In short - Despite

16.윗글의 내용을 요약한 것으로 가장 적절한 것은?

❶Human life is affected a lot by what they made

❷Nature is a huge barrier to human life

❸A crisis can be a chance of improvement

❹Men should give in to the natural challenge

❺Climate changes are great factors of disaters

Earth is a huge living body.

If something happens in one place, it can affect the whole world.

The term "ecosystem" describes ❶however all living parts of the earth work together, as a whole, to maintain good conditions of the earth.

A volcanic eruption affects ❷not merely environmental conditions of the earth, but also human life and even human thought.

"The Year Without a Summer" is a ❸perfectly example of how important ❹is it to understand the global impact ❺on natural disasters.

17. 윗글의 ❶~❺중 어법상 적절한 표현은?

18. 윗 문단의 제목으로 빈칸 Ⓐ에 가장 적절한 것은?

❶ exists for the prosperity of humans.

❷ doesn't allow any artificial change.

❸ includes every independent element.

❹ is a body of closely correlated parts

❺ is a huge living body irrelevant to disasters.

19. 윗글의 빈칸에 들어갈 표현으로 가장 적절한 것은

❶to ignore the climate change

❷to comprehend the result of natural disasters

❸to work together globally

❹to understand the impact of global change.

❺to confront the natural disasters.

20.다음 글의 빈칸에 가장 적절한 어휘는^^?

Man is not made for (d          )

=>Your painful effort will be paid in the near future^^