Most importantly, money needs to be scarce in a predictable way. Precious metals have been desirable as money across the millennia not only because they have intrinsic beauty but also because they exist in fixed quantities. Gold and silver enter society at the rate at which they are discovered and mined; additional precious metals cannot be produced, at least not cheaply. Commodities like rice and tobacco can be grown, but that still takes time and resources. A dictator like Zimbabwe’s Robert Mugabe could not order the government to produce 100 trillion tons of rice. He was able to produce and distribute trillions of new Zimbabwe dollars, which is why they eventually became more valuable as toilet paper than currency.

2018년 3월 고2 모의고사 변형

옥스포드영어학원

*intrinsic: 내재적인

밑줄친 부분의 근거(이유) 두 가지를 우리말로?

1-1

Most importantly, money needs to be scarce in a predictable way. Precious metals have been desirable as money across the millennia not only because they have intrinsic beauty but also because they exist in fixed quantities. Gold and silver enter society at the rate at which they are discovered and mined; additional precious metals cannot be produced, at least not cheaply. Commodities like rice and tobacco can be grown, but that still takes time and resources. A dictator like Zimbabwe’s Robert Mugabe could not order the government to produce 100 trillion tons of rice. He was able to produce and distribute trillions of new Zimbabwe dollars, which is why they eventually became more valuable as toilet paper than currency.

*intrinsic: 내재적인

밑줄친 that이 가리키는 내용을 우리말로?

순서배열

The desire for fame has its roots in the experience of neglect. No one would want to be famous who hadn’t also, somewhere in the past, been made to feel extremely insignificant. We sense the need for a great deal of admiring attention when we have been painfully exposed to earlier deprivation.

(A) There were no bedtime stories and one’s school reports weren’t the subject of praise and admiration.

(B) That’s why one dreams that one day the world will pay attention. When we’re famous, our parents will have to admire us too.

(C) Perhaps one’s parents were hard to impress. They never noticed one much, they were so busy with other things, focusing on other famous people, unable to have or express kind feelings, or just working too hard.

2-1 어법상 어색한 곳

The desire for fame has its roots in the experience of neglect. No one would want to be famous who ①hadn’t also, somewhere in the past, been made to feel extremely insignificant. We sense the need for a great deal of admiring attention when we ②have been painfully exposed to earlier deprivation. Perhaps one’s parents were hard ③to be impressed. They never noticed one much, they were so busy with other things, focusing on other famous people, unable to have or express kind feelings, or just ④working too hard. There were no bedtime stories and one’s school reports weren’t the subject of praise and admiration. That’s ⑤why one dreams that one day the world will pay attention. When we’re famous, our parents will have to admire us too.

2-2

The desire for fame has its roots in the experience of neglect. No one would want to be famous who hadn’t also, somewhere in the past, been made to feel extremely insignificant. We sense the need for a great deal of admiring attention when we have been painfully exposed to earlier deprivation. Perhaps one’s parents were hard to impress. They never noticed one much, they were so busy with other things, focusing on other famous people, unable to have or express kind feelings, or just working too hard. There were no bedtime stories and one’s school reports weren’t the subject of praise and admiration. That’s why one dreams that one day the world will pay attention. When we’re famous, our parents will have to admire us too.

밑줄 친 부분의 근거(이유) 4가지를 우리말로?

순서배열

In addition to controlling temperatures when handling fresh produce, control of the atmosphere is important.

(A) Related to the control of gases and moisture is the need for some circulation of air among the stored foods.

(B) Some moisture is needed in the air to prevent dehydration during storage, but too much moisture can encourage growth of molds. Some commercial storage units have controlled atmospheres, with the levels of both carbon dioxide and moisture being regulated carefully.

(C) Sometimes other gases, such as ethylene gas, may be introduced at controlled levels to help achieve optimal quality of bananas and other fresh produce.

*dehydration: 탈수

**controlled atmosphere: 저온 저장과 함께 공기의 농도를 조절하는 장치

연결사 채워 넣기

Studies show that no one is "born" to be an entrepreneur and that everyone has the potential to become one. Whether someone does or doesn’t is a function of environment, life experiences, and personal choices. (            ), there are personality traits and characteristics commonly associated with entrepreneurs. These traits are developed over time and evolve from an individual’s social context. (                ), people with parents who were selfemployed are more likely to become entrepreneurs. After witnessing a father’s or mother’s independence in the workplace, an individual is more likely to find independence appealing. (                 ), people who personally know an entrepreneur are more than twice as likely to be involved in starting a new firm as those with no entrepreneur acquaintances or role models.

*entrepreneur: 기업가

4-1 밑줄친 These traits이 가리키는 내용을 우리말로?

Studies show that no one is "born" to be an entrepreneur and that everyone has the potential to become one. Whether someone does or doesn’t is a function of environment, life experiences, and personal choices. However, there are personality traits and characteristics commonly associated with entrepreneurs. These traits are developed over time and evolve from an individual’s social context. For example, people with parents who were selfemployed are more likely to become entrepreneurs. After witnessing a father’s or mother’s independence in the workplace, an individual is more likely to find independence appealing. Similarly, people who personally know an entrepreneur are more than twice as likely to be involved in starting a new firm as those with no entrepreneur acquaintances or role models.

*entrepreneur: 기업가

4-2 들어갈 곳?

For example, people with parents who were selfemployed are more likely to become entrepreneurs.

Studies show that no one is "born" to be an entrepreneur and that everyone has the potential to become one. ① Whether someone does or doesn’t is a function of environment, life experiences, and personal choices. ② However, there are personality traits and characteristics commonly associated with entrepreneurs. ③ These traits are developed over time and evolve from an individual’s social context. ④ After witnessing a father’s or mother’s independence in the workplace, an individual is more likely to find independence appealing. ⑤ Similarly, people who personally know an entrepreneur are more than twice as likely to be involved in starting a new firm as those with no entrepreneur acquaintances or role models.

*entrepreneur: 기업가

글의 흐름상 어색한 낱말은?

According to the consulting firm McKinsey, knowledge workers spend up to 60 percent of their time looking for information, responding to emails, and collaborating with others. By using social technologies, those workers can become up to 25 percent ①more productive. The need for productivity gains through working harder and ②longer has a limit and a human toll. The solution is to enable people to work smarter, not just by saying it, but by putting smart tools and improved processes in place so that people can perform at ③enhanced levels. Think of it as the robotassisted human, given superpowers through the aid of technology. Our jobs become enriched by relying on robots to do the ④tedious while we work on increasingly more ⑤simple tasks.

*tedious: 지루한, 싫증 나는

5-1 어법상 어색한 것?

According to the consulting firm McKinsey, knowledge workers spend up to 60 percent of their time looking for information, responding to emails, and ①collaborating with others. By using social technologies, those workers can become up to 25 percent more productive. The need for productivity gains through working harder and longer ②has a limit and a human toll. The solution is to enable people ③to work smarter, not just by saying it, but by putting smart tools and improved processes in place ④so people can perform at enhanced levels. Think of it as the robotassisted human, ⑤giving superpowers through the aid of technology. Our jobs become enriched by relying on robots to do the tedious while we work on increasingly more sophisticated tasks.

*tedious: 지루한, 싫증 나는

밑줄친 부분의 두 가지를 우리말로 쓰시오.

Two major kinds of agerelated structural changes occur in the eye. One is a decrease in the amount of light that passes through the eye, resulting in the need for more light to do tasks such as reading. As you might suspect, this change is one reason why older adults do not see as well in the dark, which may account in part for their reluctance to go places at night. One possible logical response to the need for more light would be to increase illumination levels in general. However, this solution does not work in all situations because we also become increasingly sensitive to glare. In addition, our ability to adjust to changes in illumination, called adaptation, declines. Going from outside into a darkened movie theater involves dark adaptation; going back outside involves light adaptation. Research indicates that the time it takes for both types of adaptation increases with age.

*illumination: 조도, 조명

6-1 순서배열

Two major kinds of agerelated structural changes occur in the eye. One is a decrease in the amount of light that passes through the eye, resulting in the need for more light to do tasks such as reading.

(A) In addition, our ability to adjust to changes in illumination, called adaptation, declines. Going from outside into a darkened movie theater involves dark adaptation; going back outside involves light adaptation. Research indicates that the time it takes for both types of adaptation increases with age.

(B) One possible logical response to the need for more light would be to increase illumination levels in general. However, this solution does not work in all situations because we also become increasingly sensitive to glare.

(C) As you might suspect, this change is one reason why older adults do not see as well in the dark, which may account in part for their reluctance to go places at night.

*illumination: 조도, 조명

6-2 밑줄친 this solution이 가리키는 내용을 우리말로?

Two major kinds of agerelated structural changes occur in the eye. One is a decrease in the amount of light that passes through the eye, resulting in the need for more light to do tasks such as reading. As you might suspect, this change is one reason why older adults do not see as well in the dark, which may account in part for their reluctance to go places at night. One possible logical response to the need for more light would be to increase illumination levels in general. However, this solution does not work in all situations because we also become increasingly sensitive to glare. In addition, our ability to adjust to changes in illumination, called adaptation, declines. Going from outside into a darkened movie theater involves dark adaptation; going back outside involves light adaptation. Research indicates that the time it takes for both types of adaptation increases with age.

*illumination: 조도, 조명

순서배열

By acting on either natural or artificial resources, through techniques, we alter them in various ways. Thus we create artifacts, which form an important aspect of technologies.

(A) A clay pot is an example of a material artifact, which, although tansformed by human activity, is not all that far removed from its natural state. A plastic cup, a contact lens, and a computer chip, on the other hand, are examples of artifacts that are far removed from the original states of the natural resources needed to create them.

(B) Artifacts can serve as resources in other technological processes. This is one of the important interaction effects within the technological system.

(C) In other words, each new technology increases the stock of available tools and resources that can be employed by other technologies to produce new artifacts.

*artifact: 가공품

7-1 연결사 넣기

By acting on either natural or artificial resources, through techniques, we alter them in various ways. Thus we create artifacts, which form an important aspect of technologies. A clay pot is an example of a material artifact, which, although tansformed by human activity, is not all that far removed from its natural state. A plastic cup, a contact lens, and a computer chip, (        ), are examples of artifacts that are far removed from the original states of the natural resources needed to create them. Artifacts can serve as resources in other technological processes. This is one of the important interaction effects within the technological system. (          ), each new technology increases the stock of available tools and resources that can be employed by other technologies to produce new artifacts.

*artifact: 가공품

다음 글의 내용을 요약할 때,  빈칸 (A), (B)에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 본문에서 한 단어씩 찾아 그대로 쓰시오.

Despite all the talk of how weak intentions are in the face of habits, it’s worth emphasizing that much of the time even our strong habits do follow our intentions. We are mostly doing what we intend to do, even though it’s happening automatically. This probably goes for many habits: although we perform them without bringing the intention to consciousness, the habits still line up with our original intentions. Even better, our automatic, unconscious habits can keep us safe even when our conscious mind is distracted. We look both ways before crossing the road despite thinking about a rather depressing holiday we took in Brazil, and we put oven gloves on before reaching into the oven despite being preoccupied about whether the cabbage is overcooked. In both cases, our goal of keeping ourselves alive and unburnt is served by our automatic, unconscious habits.

□

The habitual acts we automatically do are related to our (    (A)    ) and these acts can be helpful in keeping us (    (B)    ) in our lives.

8-1 밑줄친 In both cases의 두 가지 예를 우리말로 간단히 쓰시오.

Despite all the talk of how weak intentions are in the face of habits, it’s worth emphasizing that much of the time even our strong habits do follow our intentions. We are mostly doing what we intend to do, even though it’s happening automatically. This probably goes for many habits: although we perform them without bringing the intention to consciousness, the habits still line up with our original intentions. Even better, our automatic, unconscious habits can keep us safe even when our conscious mind is distracted. We look both ways before crossing the road despite thinking about a rather depressing holiday we took in Brazil, and we put oven gloves on before reaching into the oven despite being preoccupied about whether the cabbage is overcooked. In both cases, our goal of keeping ourselves alive and unburnt is served by our automatic, unconscious habits.

8-2 글의 흐름을 보고 알맞게 어순 배열

Despite all the talk of ( the face / are / of/ weak / habits / in / intentions / how ), it’s worth emphasizing that much of the time even our strong habits do follow our intentions. We are mostly doing what we intend to do, even though it’s happening automatically. This probably goes for many habits: although we perform them without bringing the intention to consciousness, the habits still line up with our original intentions. Even better, our automatic, unconscious habits can keep us safe even when our conscious mind is distracted. We look both ways before crossing the road despite thinking about a rather depressing holiday we took in Brazil, and we put oven gloves on before reaching into the oven despite being preoccupied about whether the cabbage is overcooked. In both cases, our goal of keeping ourselves alive and unburnt is served by our automatic, unconscious habits.