39. 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?

④

해설] stop [V~ing / to V] 어법은 해석 문제다. stop + V~ing : V하던 것을 중단하다, stop + to V : V하기위해 멈추다. 이 문장에서는 문맥상 보상이 주어지지 않으면 그러한 편지(감사 편지) 쓰는 것을 중단한다는 내용이 적절하므로, to write를 writing으로 고쳐야 한다.

A friend of mine used to ①pay his young children $1 each time they wrote a thank‒you note. This policy may or may not work in the long run. It might turn out that, by writing enough thank‒you notes, the children will eventually learn the real point of ②them and continue to express gratitude for gifts, even when they are no longer paid to do so. It’s also possible that they will absorb the wrong lesson, and regard thank‒you notes as piecework, a burden to ③be performed for pay. In this case, the habit won’t take, and they will stop ④to write such notes once they are no longer paid. Worse, the bribes may corrupt their moral education and make ⑤it harder for them to learn the virtue of gratitude. Even if it increases production in the short run, the bribe for thank‒you notes will have failed, by inculcating the wrong way of valuing the good in question.

39. 주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것은?

②

해설] 주어진 글은 금전적 보상을 해줌으로써 아이들에게 감사 편지를 쓰도록 하는 것은 효과가 있을 수도 없을 수도 있다고 말하고 있고, (B)에서 충분한 반복을 통해 보상이 없이도 감사 편지를 쓰게 된다는 내용으로 효과가 있음을 의미하는 내용이므로 주어진 글 다음에 적절하며, (A)에서는 또한 (B)에서 언급된 것과 같은 효과가 나타나지 않을 수도 있다는 내용에 이어 (C)에서 효과가 없을 뿐만 아니라 추가적인 부정적 결과까지 이어질 수 있다는 내용으로 연결하는 것이 자연스럽다.

A friend of mine used to pay his young children $1 each time they wrote a thank‒you note. This policy may or may not work in the long run.

(A) It’s also possible that they will absorb the wrong lesson, and regard thank‒you notes as piecework, a burden to be performed for pay. In this case, the habit won’t take, and they will stop writing such notes once they are no longer paid.

(B) It might turn out that, by writing enough thank‒you notes, the children will eventually learn the real point of them and continue to express gratitude for gifts, even when they are no longer paid to do so.

(C) Worse, the bribes may corrupt their moral education and make it harder for them to learn the virtue of gratitude. Even if it increases production in the short run, the bribe for thank‒you notes will have failed, by inculcating the wrong way of valuing the good in question.

① (A)-(C)-(B)	② (B)-(A)-(C)	③ (B)-(C)-(A)

④ (C)-(A)-(B)	⑤ (C)-(B)-(A)

39. 다음 밑줄 친 Ⓐ의 우리말에 맞게 주어진 단어를 활용하여 빈칸을 채우시오.

make it harder for them to learn the virtue of gratitude

A friend of mine used to pay his young children $1 each time they wrote a thank‒you note. This policy may or may not work in the long run. It might turn out that, by writing enough thank‒you notes, the children will eventually learn the real point of them and continue to express gratitude for gifts, even when they are no longer paid to do so. It’s also possible that they will absorb the wrong lesson, and regard thank‒you notes as piecework, a burden to be performed for pay. In this case, the habit won’t take, and they will stop writing such notes once they are no longer paid. Worse, the bribes may corrupt their moral education and Ⓐ감사의 미덕을 배우는 것을 힘들게 할 것이다. Even if it increases production in the short run, the bribe for thank‒you notes will have failed, by inculcating the wrong way of valuing the good in question.

the, gratitude, it, make, learn, virtue, hard, of, them

➡

40. 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?

⑤

해설] ⑤의 were는 대동사 역할을 하고 있다. 따라서 문맥상 those that were not은 방출음(ejective consonants)을 포함하고 있지 않은 언어들을 의미해야 하므로 were를 did(= didn't include ejective consonants)로 바꿔야 한다.

The human voice can form incredibly different sounds, but ①each individual language contains only a subset of potential sound units, or phonemes. One phoneme that occurs in only about twenty percent of the world’s languages ②is the ejective consonant, such as [p] or [k]. Caleb Everett, an anthropologist, decided to map ③where this sound occurs. He took a sample of 567 languages ④spoken around the world and compared the locations and altitudes of those that either contained or ignored ejective consonants. Everett discovered that languages that included ejective consonants were generally spoken at a higher elevation than those that ⑤were not. He suggests that the sounds are more popular at high altitudes because lower air pressure may make it easier to produce the burst of air that is a key characteristic of ejective consonants.

40. 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?

⑤

해설] suggest, insist, order, demand, recommend, ask 등과 같이 주장, 제안, 명령, 권고 등의 동사의 목적절에는 should가 생략된 형태로써 동사원형을 써야 한다. 단, suggest와 insist는 ‘제안/주장하다’의 의미에서 [suggest : 암시하다, 제시하다, insist : (사실을)주장하다]의 의미로도 쓸 수 있으므로 문맥을 제대로 파악해야 한다. 이 글에서는 조사를 통해 얻은 결과로써 ‘방출음이 높은 고도에서 대중적이어야만 한다’보다는 ‘방출음이 높은 고도에서 대중적이라는 것을 제시하고 있다’로 보는 것이 적절하다. 따라서 be를 are(으)로 바꿔야 한다.

The human voice can form incredibly different sounds, but each individual language contains only a subset of potential sound units, or phonemes. One phoneme that occurs in only about twenty percent of the world’s languages ①is the ejective consonant, such as [p] or [k]. Caleb Everett, an anthropologist, decided ②to map where this sound occurs. He took a sample of 567 languages spoken around the world and compared the locations and altitudes of those that ③either contained or ignored ejective consonants. Everett discovered that languages that included ejective consonants were generally spoken at a higher elevation than ④those that were not. He suggests that the sounds ⑤be more popular at high altitudes because lower air pressure may make it easier to produce the burst of air that is a key characteristic of ejective consonants.

40. 다음 글의 주제로 가장 적절한 것은?

③

해설] 고도가 각각의 언어 속에서 방출음의 출현을 결정하는데 중요한 역할을 할 수 있다는 연구 내용이므로 ③‘지리적 요소가 언어의 소리에 미치는 영향’이 적절하다.

The human voice can form incredibly different sounds, but each individual language contains only a subset of potential sound units, or phonemes. One phoneme that occurs in only about twenty percent of the world’s languages is the ejective consonant, such as [p] or [k]. Caleb Everett, an anthropologist, decided to map where this sound occurs. He took a sample of 567 languages spoken around the world and compared the locations and altitudes of those that either contained or ignored ejective consonants. Everett discovered that languages that included ejective consonants were generally spoken at a higher elevation than those that did not. He suggests that the sounds are more popular at high altitudes because lower air pressure may make it easier to produce the burst of air that is a key characteristic of ejective consonants.

① differences between easy language and difficult one

② reasons languages are different with altitude

③ influence of geographic elements on the sounds of language

④ roles of ejective consonants in verbal development

⑤ effects of ejective consonants on communication

40. 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장 적절한 곳을 고르시오.

③

해설] Caleb Everett가 방출음이 어디서 발생하는지에 관한 지도를 만들겠다고 결정한 후, 대명사 ‘He’로 받아 연구 과정으로써 언어 샘플을 추출 및 비교하는 내용이 이어지고, 그 뒤로 발견한 내용이 뒤따르는 ③번이 가장 적절하다.

He took a sample of 567 languages spoken around the world and compared the locations and altitudes of those that either contained or ignored ejective consonants.

The human voice can form incredibly different sounds, but each individual language contains only a subset of potential sound units, or phonemes. ① One phoneme that occurs in only about twenty percent of the world’s languages is the ejective consonant, such as [p] or [k]. ② Caleb Everett, an anthropologist, decided to map where this sound occurs. ③ Everett discovered that languages that included ejective consonants were generally spoken at a higher elevation than those that did not. ④ He suggests that the sounds are more popular at high altitudes because lower air pressure may make it easier to produce the burst of air that is a key characteristic of ejective consonants. ⑤